Education

?
What are the three main aspects of cultural deprivation?
Language, Parents' education and Working-class subculture
1 of 24
What did Hubbs-Tait et al found out about language used by parents?
He found out that where parents use language that challenges their children to evaluate their own understanding or abilities, cognitive performance improves Feinstein* found out that educated parents are more likely to use language this way + they ar
2 of 24
What do Bereiter and Engelmann claim?
That language used in lower-class homes is deficient
3 of 24
Who identified the differences in speech codes between working-class and middle-class language?
Bernstein: Restricted and Elaborated Code
4 of 24
How does middle-class language give advantage in school?
Elaborated code, used by middle-class, is widely used by teachers, textbook and exams. It is taken as the 'correct way' to write. This code is also a more effective tool for analysing and reasoning, expressing thoughts clearly and effectively which a
5 of 24
How is Bernstein different from other Cultural Deprivation theorists?
Because he recognises that the school -- not just at the home -- influences children's achievement. He argues that wc pupils fail not because they are culturally deprived, but because schools fail to teach them how to use the elaborated code.
6 of 24
What did Douglas found among working-class parents?
He found out that wc parents place less value on education. As a result, there were less ambitious for their children, gave them less encouragement and took less interest in their education.
7 of 24
How do middle-class parents socialise their children?
Through their parenting style, educational behaviours, income and parental education
8 of 24
Who argues that wc subculture has 4 key features that act as a barrier to educational achievement?
Barry Sugarman
9 of 24
What is fatalism?
A belief in fate - that whatever will be, will be and there is nothing you can do to change your status MC: you can change your position through your own effort
10 of 24
What is collectivism?
Valuing being a part of a group more than succeeding as an individual. MC: Individuals should not be held back by group loyalties
11 of 24
What is immediate gratification?
Seeking pleasure now rather than making sacrifices in order to get rewards in the future MC: their values emphasise deferred gratification, making sacrifices now for greater rewards later
12 of 24
What is present-time orientation?
Seeing the present as more important than the future and so not having long-term goals or plans MC: have a future time orientation that sees planning for the future is important
13 of 24
Why do these differences in values exist?
Sugarman: they stem from the fact that mc jobs are secure careers offering prospects for continuous individual advancement. This encourages ambition, long-term planning and a willingness to invest time and effort in gaining qualifications. They pass
14 of 24
What is the aim of compensatory education?
Aims to tackle the problem of cultural deprivation by providing extra resources to school and communities in deprived areas
15 of 24
Examples of compensatory education
Operation Head Start: included improving parenting skills, setting up nursery classes and home visits by educational psychologists. Sesame Street: shows skills and attitudes needed for educational success such as the importance of punctuality, numera
16 of 24
Who argues that cultural deprivation is a myth?
Nell Keddie: it's a victim-blaming explanation. A child cannot be deprived of its own culture and argues that wc children are simply culturally different, not culturally deprived --- they fail because they are put at a disadvantage by an education sy
17 of 24
What is 'speech hierarchy'?
Teachers label middle-class speech highest, followed by working-class speech and finally black speech
18 of 24
Other critics of cultural deprivation theory
Wc parents attend fewer parents' evening, not because of a lack of interest but because they work longer or less regular hours or at put off bu the school's mc atmosphere. They may want to help their children but lack the knowledge to do so. Wc pupil
19 of 24
What are the factors that affect children's education due to having low incomes?
Housing, Diet and Health, Financial support and the costs of education and fear of debt
20 of 24
How does housing affect children's education?
Overcrowding: makes it harder for a child to study. Less toom for educational activities, nowhere to do homework, disturbed sleep from sharing beds etc. Development can be impaired through lack of space for safe play and exploration Families living i
21 of 24
How do diet and health affect achievement?
Children from poorer homes have lower intakes of energy, vitamins and minerals which could affect health. For example, a weak immune system Children from poorer homes are also more likely yo have emotional or behavioural problems. The lower the socia
22 of 24
How does financial support and the costs of education affect children?
Lack of financial support means that children from poor families have to do without equipment and miss out on experiences that would enhance their educational achievement
23 of 24
How is using cheaper, hand-me-downs unfashionable equipment affect children?
It may result in being isolated, stigmatised and bullied by peers. Flaherty* fear of stigmatisation may also help to explain why 20% of those eligible for FSM do not take up to their entitlement Lack of funds* = children have to go to work which has
24 of 24

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What did Hubbs-Tait et al found out about language used by parents?

Back

He found out that where parents use language that challenges their children to evaluate their own understanding or abilities, cognitive performance improves Feinstein* found out that educated parents are more likely to use language this way + they ar

Card 3

Front

What do Bereiter and Engelmann claim?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Who identified the differences in speech codes between working-class and middle-class language?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How does middle-class language give advantage in school?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Sociology resources:

See all Sociology resources »See all Education resources »