Eduaction

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  • Created by: yhtammy
  • Created on: 27-03-16 16:18
A* - C Economy
A system in which schools concentrate their efforts on thos pupils they see as most likely to gain five A*-C grades at GCSE and so boost the school's league table position.
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Compensatory Eduaction
Government eduaction polocies such as Operation Headstart in the USA that seek to tackle the problem of under-achievemnt by providing support and funding to schools and families in deprived areas.
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Comprehensive System
A non-selective education system where all children attend the same type of secondary school. It was inroduced in England and Wales in 1965.
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Correspondence Principle
Bowles and Gintis' concept describing the way that the organisation and control of school mirrors or 'corresponds to' the workplace in capitalist society. E.g. the control teachers exert over pupils mirrors the control managers exert over workers.
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Cultural Capital
The knowledge, attitudes, values, language, tastes and abilities that the middle-class transmit to their children.
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Cultural Deprivation
The theory that many working-class and black children are inadequetely socialised and therefore lack the 'right' culture needed for educational success; e.g. their families do not instil the value of deferred gratification.
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Cirriculum
Those things taught or learnt in educational institutions.
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Deferred Gratification
Postponing immediate rewards or pleasures, generally with the aim of producing a greater reward at a later date, e.g. staying in to revise rather than going out with friends, which will bring success in exams.
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Differentiation
Distinguishing or creating differences between individuals or groups. In eduaction, streaming is a type of differentiation.
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Educational Triage
The process whereby schools sort pupils into 'hopeless cases', 'those who will pass anyway', and 'those with potential to pass', and the concentrate their efforts on the last of these groups as a way to boost the school's exam league table position.
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Ethnocentric
Seeing or judging things in a biased way from the viewpoint of one particular culture. E.g. the National Cirriculum has been described as ethnocentric as it tends to value white, western, literature, language, etc, and disregards other cultures.
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Gender Domains
The tasks and activities that boys and girls see as the 'territory' of their respective genders. E.g. mending a car is seen as within the male gender domain. Childrens beliefs about gender domains are shaped by their early experiences.
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Hidden Cirriculum
All those learnt without being formally taught and often acquired simply through the everyday workings of the school, such as attitudes, obedience, conformity and competitvness.
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Ideal Pupil
An image held by teachers of the kind of pupil they prefer to teach; bright, hardworking, co-operative and so on.
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Identity
The invidiuals snse of self, influenced by socialisation and interactions with others, a sense of belonging to a community.
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Immediate Gratification
A prefernece for immediate pleasure or reward, without regard for the longer-term consequences, e.g. going out with friends instead of doing one's homework.
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Impression Management
Involves manipulating the impression of ourselves that we give to others. Erving Goffman comapres performing a social roles with acting on stage. We act differently when we are front of stage, consciously playing the part.
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Institutional Racism
Discrimination that is built into the everyday workings of institutions such as schools and colleges. This discrimination may be unconcious rather than deliberate, but is deeply ingrained, taken-for-granted part of the institutions culture.
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Labelling
The processof attaching a definition or meaning to an individual or group, often the label is a sterotype that defines all members of a group in the same way.
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Marketisation
The policy of introducing market forces of supply and demand into areas run by the state, such as education and the NHS. The 1988 Education Reform Act began the marketisation of education, encouraging competition between school and choice for parents
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Material Deprivation
Poverty; a lack of basic neccessities such as adequete diet, housing, clothing or the money to buy these things.
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Meritocracy
An educational or social system where everyone has an equal opportunity to succed and where individuals rewards and and status are achieved by their own efforts rather than ascribed by their gender, class or ethnic group.
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Model Minorities
A term used to describe minority ethnic groups, such as Chinese and Indian pupils, who acieve abover average results.
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Myth of Meritocracy
Functionalists argue that the education system is meritocratic, but Bowles and Gintis' claim that meritocracy is an idealogy legitimting inequality by falsely claiming that everyone has equal opportunity.
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New Vocationalism
The idea that education should be primarily about meeting the needs of the economy especially by equipping young people with the knowldge, skills, attitudes, and values needed to prepare them for work.
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Parentocracy
Literally 'rule by parents'
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Polarisation
A process that results in the creation of two opposite extremes, e.g, pupils responses to labelling and streaming in schools can create a pro-school and anti-school pupil subculture.
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Privitisation
The transfer of industries or services previously owned by the state (the public sector) to ownership by private buisnesses (the private sector), who run them to make profit.
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Reproduction
The re-creation of continuation of something into future generations; e.g. Marxists argue that schooling reproduces the class structure by failing working-class pupils so that they take working-class jobs.
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Selection
In education, the process of choosing and allocating pupils to a particular school, class, stream, etc.
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Self-fufilling Prophecy
Where a prediction made about a person or group comes true simply because it has been made.
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Socialisation
The process by which an individual learns or internalises the culture of society.
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Speech Codes
Patterns or ways of using language.
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Status
A position in society.
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Stigma
A negative label or mark of disapproval, discredit or shame attached to a person, group or characteristic.
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Stratification
The division of society into hierarchy of unequal groups. The inequalities may be of wealth, power and/or status.
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Streaming
Where children are separated into different ability groups or classes and then each ability group is taught separately from the others for all subjects; the opposite of mixed-ability teaching.
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Subculture
A group of people within society who share norms, values, beliefs and attitudes that are in some ways different from or opposed to the mainstream culture. e.g.an anti-school subculture formed by pupils in lower streams.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Government eduaction polocies such as Operation Headstart in the USA that seek to tackle the problem of under-achievemnt by providing support and funding to schools and families in deprived areas.

Back

Compensatory Eduaction

Card 3

Front

A non-selective education system where all children attend the same type of secondary school. It was inroduced in England and Wales in 1965.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Bowles and Gintis' concept describing the way that the organisation and control of school mirrors or 'corresponds to' the workplace in capitalist society. E.g. the control teachers exert over pupils mirrors the control managers exert over workers.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The knowledge, attitudes, values, language, tastes and abilities that the middle-class transmit to their children.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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