EDEXCEL GCSE ICT KEY WORDS - DEFINTIONS
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- Created by: jordanb-h
- Created on: 17-03-18 20:41
definition of 3G
Third-generation wireless communication which allows high-speed wireless data transfer
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definition of Acceptable use policy
Rules to which users agree, to reduce the misuse of ICT. Often found on social networking/ collaborative sites
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definition of Application (Applications software)
Software that helps users perform particular tasks
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definition of Backup
A copy of data that is made in case the original data is lost or damaged. The backup can be used to restore the original data
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definition of Bandwith
The amount of data that can fit through an Internet connection. You can compare it to a ten-lane motorway which fits more cars on it than a four-lane motorway. Bandwith is measured in bits per second (bps).
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definition of Bandwith (part 2)
This indicates the number of bits of information that can fit down the line in one second. Kb or kbps means thousands of bits per second; Mb or Mbps means millions of bits per second
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definition of Biometric
An automated method of recognising a person based on physical characteristics.Among the features measured are face,fingerprints, hand geometry, iris and voice
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definition of Blog
A shared online journal where people can post diary entries abort their personal experiences and hobbies
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definition of Blue-jacking
The sending of unwanted messages to others over Bluetooth connections
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definition of Bluetooth
Allows the exchange of data over short distances from fixed and mobile devices. In order for devices to communicate they must be able to understand the Bluetooth rules (protocols)
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definition of Blu-Ray
A disk that enables the recording, rewriting and playback of high-definition video and the storing of large amounts of data. It has more than five times the storage of traditional DVDs and can hold up to 25gb on a single layer disk and 50gb on a dual
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definition of Broadband
A high speed connection to the Internet
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definition of Buffering
Downloading a certain amount of data into temporary storage before starting to play a file
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definition of Card Code Verification (CCV)
A set of numbers on the back of a credit card that help verify that the use of the credit card is legitimate
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definition of Cloud computing
A system in which all computer programs and data is stored on a central server owned by a company and accessed virtually
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definition of Collaboratively
Working together with other people
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definition of Commercial
Related to a business
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definition of Compatible
The ability of a device to communicate and share information with another device
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definition of Computer Misuse Act
This law restricts people from accessing or modifying data without permission.
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definition of Convergence
When one device is developed to carry out functions that were originally performed by several devices
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definition of Cookies
Small text files that are sent to your computer from certain websites. They track your behaviour and transactions
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definition of Copyright
Gives the creator of an original work exclusive rights regarding that work for a certain period of time, including publication, distribution and adaption
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definition of Copyright, Designs and Patents Act
This law protects people's original work from being used without their permission
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definition of Credit card
A plastic card, issued by banks, building societies, retail stores and other businesses, which enables a person to buy goods and services without the need for cash. The holder agrees to pay back the money borrowed at a later date, sometimes with inte
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definition of Data
Symbols, characters, images and numbers are all types of data. When data is processed and acquires meaning it becomes information. Computers process data to produce information
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definition of Data Protection Act
This law regulates how personal information is used and protects against misuse of personal details
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definition of Debit card
Similar to a credit card, but the money is taken directly from the cardholder's bank account
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definition of Digital divide
Unequal access to ICT for individuals or groups usually due to financial, geographic, health or cultural reasons
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definition of Digital Economy Act
This law protects copyright holders from criminals who illegally distribute copyrighted material (piracy)
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definition of Digital Rights Management
Allows the copyright holder or the owner of the media control over the number of viewings, plays and copies
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definition of Dongle
A small piece of hardware that connects to a computer and has uses including data storage and picking up Bluetooth and 3G signals. A dongle may be portable like a USB pen
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definition of Download
Transfer of a file, e.g. a video from a central computer to your computer
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definition of DVD
DVDs offer higher storage capacity than Compact Discs (CDs) while having the same dimensions. Blank recordable DVDs (DVD-R and DVD+R) can be recorded using optical disc recording technologies and then function as a DVD-ROM.
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definition of DVD (part 2)
Rewritable DVDs (DVD-RW, DVD+RW and DVD-RAM) can be recorded and erased multiple times
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definition of E-commerce
Buying and selling goods electronically, usually over the Internet
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definition of Electronic waste (e-waste)
Rubbish comprising of digital materials e.g. old computers
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definition of Encryption
For security, data is translated into a secret code according to a set of rules in a special "key". To convert the data back into plain text, the receiver must also have the key
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definition of Ergonomics
The design of equipment to increase the efficiency of the way it is used by the human body, to promote the health of users
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definition of Etiquette
A set of rules that people try to abide by out of respect of other people around them
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definition of Firewall
A system designed to prevent unauthorised access to your computer when connected to a network such as the Internet
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definition of Flash memory card
Used for fast and easily transferable information storage in digital devices such as mobile phones, media players and cameras. Flash memory is known as a solid state storage device, meaning there are no moving parts.
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definition of Flash memory card (part 2)
Everything is electronic instead of mechanical and so it is ideal for mobile devices
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definition of Fraud
Tricking someone for personal gain or to damage them
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definition of Geotag
To attach the exact geographical coordinates of longitude and latitude to a digital device, giving the location of where it was taken
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definition of Globalisation
The increasing integration of economies and societies around the world, particularly through international trade
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definition of GPS (global positioning system)
A navigational system used in many devices which gives current location
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definition of Hacker
Someone who gains unauthorised access to a computer in order to obtain data stored on it
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definition of HDMI (high-definition multimedia interface)
Required for connecting devices to show high-definition video
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definition of HDTV
High-definition TV
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definition of High definition (HD)
The picture on a TV screen is made of lines of pixels. In a conventional TV there are 625 lines which are refreshed 25 times per second. HD has either 720 or 1080 lines, so it produces a clearer sharper picture
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definition of Hosted software
Hosted software, also known as Software as a Service (Saas), is accessed via a web browser rather than being installed on the user's computer
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definition of Identity theft
A crime that involves someone pretending to be another person in order to steal money or obtain other benefits
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definition of Information overload
Having so much information that the user feels overwhelmed
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definition of ISP (Internet service provider)
A company that provides Internet access to its customers
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definition of IP (Internet Protocol) adress
The personal address of your computer (just like your home address), so that servers know where to send the information you have requested
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definition of Lag
Slow computer functionality often caused by high latency or low performance hardware
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definition of Latency
The time delay between the moment something is initiated and the moment it becomes detevtable
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definition of Locally installed software
Software which is installed on the user's computer
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definition of Microblog
Short messages which may include short sentences, individual images or video links. An example is Twitter
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definition of Multifunctional
Having the ability to do many different things using the same device
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definition of Near field communication (NFC)
Allows the wireless exchange of data between two devices by touching them together or holding them very close to each other
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definition of Non-physical goods
Items for sale which are delivered digitally e.g. music files from Itunes. Sometimes called DLC (downloadable content)
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definition of On-demand entertainment
Technology that allows users to view programmes at the time of their choosing by streaming them
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definition of Online community
A group of members of a website who communicate and share ideas online, often about a shared interest
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definition of Open source software
Software that is available to download free of charge, e.g. Openoffice.org, which is a suite of applications
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definition of Overheads
The ongoing expenses of operating a business e.g. rent,fuel bills, salaries
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definition of Peer to peer (P2P)
Sharing files among groups of people who are logged onto a file-sharing network
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definition of Peripherals
External devices connected to a computer e.g. printer, microphone
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definition of Personalised learning
Learning that is tailored towards the individual allowing them to make progress
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definition of Personalisation techniques
Ways of making content relevant to a particular customer using their interests, geographical position etc
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definition of Phishing
A form of Internet fraud that aims to steal valuable information such as credit card details, usernames and passwords
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definition of Physical goods
Items for sale which can be touched and must be delivered by post in some way
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definition of Plagiarism
Copying someone else's work and presenting it as your own
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definition of Privacy
The protection of personal data
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definition of Proprietary software
Software for which you have to pay a license to use (e.g. Microsoft Office)
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definition of Protocol
A set of rules used by computers to communicate with each other across a network
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definition of Public domain
Materials that are available for anyone to use for any purpose (not subject to the laws of copyright)
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definition of Query
To search, usually when talking about a database
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definition of Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)
Damage caused to the muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves or joints, usually because of repeating the same action
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definition of RSS feeds
A web feed format used for content which is frequently updated e.g. news, in a standard format so it can be added to a variety of websites
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definition of Sat nav
A device, usually used in a car, that gives directions based on information received from a series of satellites
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definition of SD and SDHC cards
Secure Digital (SD) cards are one type of flash memory card which store up to 2 GB of data. Secure Digital High capacity (SDHC) cards are another type of flash memory card and they are ideal for video cameras because they can store up to 32Gb of data
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definition of Search engine index
A list of websites which has been compiled by the search engine which drastically increases speed of searching. The search engine will search its index which takes milliseconds, rather than millions of files, which could take hours
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definition of Social bookmarking
A way of organising, storing and managing links to online resources, allowing users to search them easily
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definition of Social networking site
An online community where people can communicate and share information
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definition of Software as a service
Hosted software is accessed via a web browser rather than being installed on the user's computer
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definition of Smartphone
A phone offering advanced features e.g. the ability to send emails, surf the Internet
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definition of Spyware
Software that can be installed on your computer without knowledge, which collects information about your logins and passwords and send details to another computer on the Internet
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definition of SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)
A method of encrypting data to provide security for communications over networks such as the Internet. TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a later version of SSL
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definition of Stream
Content is send in compressed form over the Internet and displayed by the viewer in real time. When streaming a video, a web user does not need to have to wait to download a file to play it.
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definition of Stream (part 2)
Instead, the media is sent in a continuous stream of data and is played as it arrives on a special player
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definition of Sustainability
Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations
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definition of Target audience
A description of the people your products are aimed at. It could include their age, the language they speak, their special needs, or any other characteristics relevant to the scenario you are given
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definition of Targeted marketing
Identifying a special target audience by identifying preferences or other personal details and then creating promotional or advertising campaigns to match their preferences
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definition of Teleworking
Working from home but staying in touch with others with the help of technology
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definition of Third party payment processor
A business that offers customers an alternative fast, safe method to pay for online goods and services
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definition of Transactional data
Data which is gathered as part of a user's online activity. When buying something online, this could include information about the product bought but also personal details from the buyer such as address and payment details
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definition of Trojan
A program that appears legitimate but which performs some harmful activity when it is run. It may be used to locate password information, or make the system more vulnerable to future entry, or simply destroy programs or data on the hard disk drive.
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definition of a Trojan (part 2)
A trojan is similar to a virus except it does not replicate itself. It stays in the computer doing its damage or allowing somebody from a remote site to take control of the computer. Trojans often sneak in attached to a free game
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definition of Upload
Transfer a file from your computer to a central computer
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definition of User-generated reference sites
User-generated reference sites allow users to generate content collaboratively on a website to which others can refer to inform their research
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definition of Validity
Based on truth, or reason. It is important to judge whether information found online is valid because it could be biased or untruthful
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definition of Viral marketing
A marketing strategy that encourages people to pass on a marketing message to their friends. it uses interesting and entertaining content that people will want to share. Viral marketing uses multimedia to make the message memorable
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definition of Virtual learning environment
An online system for education with areas for homework, classes, teacher and pupil space etc
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definition of Virus
A program designed to cause other programs on a computer to malfunction or stop working altogether
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definition of VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)
This technology is used to make telephone calls via the Internet, usually at a cheaper cost
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definition of Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)
It is similar to Bluetooth in that it is used to exchange data wirelessly, but the signals can travel greater distances
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definition of Wikis
A type of website that encourages collaboration by allowing users to add, edit and remove content
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
definition of Acceptable use policy
Back
Rules to which users agree, to reduce the misuse of ICT. Often found on social networking/ collaborative sites
Card 3
Front
definition of Application (Applications software)
Back
Card 4
Front
definition of Backup
Back
Card 5
Front
definition of Bandwith
Back
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