Ecosystems

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  • Created on: 15-11-20 12:16
What is an ecosystem?
Ecosystems are made up of all living and non-living things in a specific area.
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What are the three main organisms in an ecosystem?
Producers
Consumers
Decomposers
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What is a producer?
They use the energy from the sun
to produce food
e.g. bushes with berries.
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What is a consumer?
Consumers can't make their own food so they get their energy by consuming other organisms (producers or other consumers)
e.g. greenfly-ladybird-sparrow
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What is a decomposer?
Decomposers are vital to the ecosystem function as they recycle the organic matter within it
e.g. bacteria and fungi.
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How is a decomposer vital to the ecosystem?
Through decomposition, nutrients are put back into the soil. Plants need these nutrients for
food and then the plants could get eaten by consumers. When these plants or consumers
die, the nutrients are replenished back into
the soil.
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What do food chains and food webs tell us?
It shows us the feeding relationships within communities of organisms.
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What do food chains specifically show us?
They show us what eat what in a biological community.
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What do food webs specifically show us?
They show us how several food chains overlap with each other.
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If one change to an ecosystem changes, will it effect the other organisms?
Yes, the change will have a long lasting effect on every organism around it
e.g. drought reduces fish-reduces fish population-fewer fish for birds to eat in winter-birds reduce-buzzard numbers fall.
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What are the 6 major categories of ecosystems?
Temperate deciduous forest
Hot desert
Tundra
Polar
Tropical Rainforest
Grassland
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What are the main features of a temperate deciduous rainforest?
They can be identified by its four seasons as their trees shed leaves in the winter and grow leaves in the summer.
Rain falls throughout the year.
Examples are Europe, the USA and China.
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What are the main features of hot deserts?
Almost no rainfall.
Temperatures very high in day be very cold at night.
Plants that have adapted to survive with
the lack of water live here e.g. cacti.
Example- The Sahara Desert.
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What are the main features of tundra?
Very long days in summer buy very short days in winter.
Winter temperatures are below freezing.
Not a lot of rainfall.
Grass and moss are noticeable here.
Permafrost layer beneath soil.
Examples are Arctic, Alaska and Finland.
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What are the main features of a polar?
Temperatures freezing all year round.
Not much rainfall.
Minimal sunlight.
Cold, icy with permafrost.
Examples are North and South Pole.
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What are the main features of a tropical rainforest?
Always hot.
High humidity and moisture.
Dense canopies of vegetation.
Examples are the Amazon Rainforest and
Daintree Rainforest in Australia.
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What are the main features of a grassland?
Wet and dry seasons.
Grass is most noticeable vegetation.
Minimal trees.
Examples are the American Midwest, the Argentinian pampas and South Africa.
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What is an example of a producer in a freshwater pond case study?
Algae because they use the energy from the
sun to photosynthesise and grow.
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What is an example of a consumer in a freshwater pond case study?
Stickleback fish as they get their energy from eating producers like algae.
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What is an example of a decomposer in a freshwater pond case study?
Rat-tailed maggots as they break down and release the nutrients in dead producers (algae)
and consumers (stickleback fish).
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the three main organisms in an ecosystem?

Back

Producers
Consumers
Decomposers

Card 3

Front

What is a producer?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a consumer?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a decomposer?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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