Economy 1855 / Alexander II

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State of economy in 1855
Russia has many natural resources, gold, oil, gas and diamonds but industrial development hindered until 20th century by Siberian inaccessibility, huge size of Russia prevented distribution of raw materials, agriculture -***** farming
1 of 8
Explain things brought in by Reutern 1862 - 78
abolished tax farming - before taxes collected in varying quantities and gov got set amount, developed banks - state bank 1860, savings bank 1869, but struggled ton maintain stability of rouble until 1876, supported cotton and mining industries
2 of 8
Explain what he did for railways
established interest from private investors using gov subsidies - 13,000 miles built during Reutern
3 of 8
explain positives for industry under A II
construction of railways began by 1883 - 14,700 miles, education reforms gave skilled and literate work force
4 of 8
Explain negatives for industry under A II
peasants could only travel with internal passport issued by mir - limited migration to cities hindering industrialisation, Russia playing catch up to West lagged behind
5 of 8
explain positives for agriculture under A II
with railways grain production increased and exports rose by 16% by 1891, ex farmers now farming for profit not subsidence, less famine - particularly in grain
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explain negatives for agriculture under A II
average peasant land holding 9 acres - too small to farm at profit, by 1878 only 50% of peasants could produce surplus to sell, lack of investment into equipment still relied on medieval ***** farming
7 of 8
explain positives for banking under A II
new banking system stabilised national currency encouraging investment into Russia's industry, emancipation encouraged cash economy over barter one
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Explain things brought in by Reutern 1862 - 78

Back

abolished tax farming - before taxes collected in varying quantities and gov got set amount, developed banks - state bank 1860, savings bank 1869, but struggled ton maintain stability of rouble until 1876, supported cotton and mining industries

Card 3

Front

Explain what he did for railways

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

explain positives for industry under A II

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Explain negatives for industry under A II

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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