Any group of living organisms and non-living things occurring together, including the interrelationships between them.
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Habitat
The place where an organism lives.
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Population
All of the organisms of one species that live in the same place at the same time, and that can breed together.
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Community
All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time, and can interact with each other.
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Biotic factors
Living environmental factors. For example, food supply, predation and disease.
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Abiotic factors
Non-living components of an ecosystem. For example, pH, temperature and soil type.
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Producer
Photosynthetic organism that is able to produce its own respiratory substrate. They provide chemical energy to all other organisms.
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Primary consumer
Herbivores who feed on plant material.
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Secondary consumer
Carnivore that feeds upon the primary consumer.
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Tertiary consumer
Carnivore that feeds upon the secondary consumer.
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Decomposer
Feed on waste material or dead organisms. (E.g. bacteria, fungi, and some animals)
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Trophic level
The level at which an organism feeds in a food chain.
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Arrows in a food chain
Show the direction of energy transfer, rather than just 'who eats what'.
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Primary productivity
The total amount of energy fixed by photosynthesis. It is a rate and may be measured in terms of energy per unit time. (MJ m-2 yr-1)
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Net primary productivity
Rate at which carbohydrate accumulates in the tissue of plants on an ecosystem and measured in dry organic mass, such as kg ha-1 yr-1.
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Pyramids of biomass
The area of the bars is proportionate to the dry mass of all the organisms at that trophic level. Drying organisms can be destructive so they often measure the wet mass and calculate the dry mass from that!
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Pyramids of energy
Burn the organisms in a calorimeter and work out how much heat is released per gram.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The place where an organism lives.
Back
Habitat
Card 3
Front
All of the organisms of one species that live in the same place at the same time, and that can breed together.
Back
Card 4
Front
All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time, and can interact with each other.
Back
Card 5
Front
Living environmental factors. For example, food supply, predation and disease.
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