Ecology

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  • Created by: Eve Angus
  • Created on: 10-12-18 00:01
Habitat
The place where an organism lives
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Population
All the organisms of one species living in a habitat
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Community
The populations of different species living in a habitat
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Abiotic Factors
Non-living factors of the environment e.g. temperature
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Biotic Factors
Living factors of the environment e.g. food
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Ecosystem
The interaction of a community of living organisms with non-living parts of their enviroment
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Competition
Where organisms compete with other species for the same resources
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Interdependence
When each species depends on other species for things such as food and shelter
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Stable Communities
When all the species and environmental factors are in balance so that the population sizes are roughly constant
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Adaptations
The features or characteristics that allow organisms to adapt to their natural environment
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Structural Adaptations
Features of an organism's body structure e.g. the arctic fox has white fur so they keep warm and camouflage against the snow
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Behavioural Adaptations
The way organisms behave e.g. swallows migrate to warmer climates during the winter to avoid problems of dealing with the cold
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Functional Adaptations
Processes that occur within an organism's body e.g. brown bears hibernate over winter: they slow their metabolism rate down to conserve energy
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Extremophiles
Organisms that are adapted to live in seriously extreme conditions such as hot volcanic vents
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Producer
An organism that makes their own food by using energy from the sun and are consumed by primary consumers
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Biomass
The energy mass stored in a living material
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Primary Consumer
An organism in a food chain that feeds off of producers and are consumed by secondary consumers
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Secondary Consumer
An organism in a food chain that feeds off of primary consumers and are consumed by tertiary consumers
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Tertiary Consumer
An organism in a food chain that feeds off of secondary consumers
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Predators
Consumers that hunt and kill other animals
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Prey
Animals that are hunted and killed by predators
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Quadrat
A square frame enclosing a known area that are used to study the distribution of small organisms
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Environmental Change - Water
The distribution of some animal and plant species in the tropics changes between the wet and the dry seasons
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Environmental Change - Temperature
The distribution of bird species in Germany is changing because of a rise in average temperature
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Environmental Change - Atmospheric Gases
The distribution of some species changes in areas where there is more air pollution
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The Water Cycle
A process that describes the continuous movement of water around the earth
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The Carbon Cycle
A process that describes the continuous movement of carbon around the earth
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Decomposition - Temperature
Higher temperatures increase the rate of decomposition but if it gets too high the enzymes are destroyed and decomposition stops
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Decomposition - Oxygen
Many microorganisms involved in anaerobic decay don't need oxygen
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Decomposition - Water
Decomposition takes place faster in moist environments because the organisms involved need water to carry out biological processes
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Biogas
Lots of different microorganisms are used to produce biogas as they decay plant material and animal waste anaerobically to produce methane
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Batch Generators
They are manually loaded with waste which is left to digest and the by-products are cleared away afterwards
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Continuous Generators
Waste is continuously fed in and biogas is produced at a steady rate
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

All the organisms of one species living in a habitat

Back

Population

Card 3

Front

The populations of different species living in a habitat

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Non-living factors of the environment e.g. temperature

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Living factors of the environment e.g. food

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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