Eating Behavior Studies- PSYA3

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WARDLE- WARDLE ET AL: 16,000 adults, 21 European countries, high availability – high consumption.
Pica Indians- Exposure to new diets caused obesity.
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WESTCOMBE AND WARDLE: Those concerned with health said they’d buy low fat cheese & yoghurt and rated high fat ones as most unpleasant.
WANSINK ET AL: Sad films caused participants to eat more popcorn to elevate mood but comedies caused them to eat grapes to maintain mood.
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VERPLANKEN ET AL: Low self-esteem causes people to impulse buy and snack.
HERMAN AND POLIVY: Biopsychological explanation. Body has a set point, determined by our biology and we try to maintain this point.
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OLIVER AND WARDLE: 73% of students said they are more likely to snack when stressed.
REDDEN: Need to pay attention to detail of their food, interesting and achievable.
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GIBSON- Serotonin Hypothesis
HIERNAN ET AL: Dissatisfaction with body shape at baseline will be more successful.
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MACHT AND DETTMER: Apples and chocolate both increase mood but chocolate associated with guilty afterwards.
OGDEN AND MILLS: Dieters need to hold a model that focuses on behaviour at the centre not a weight problem; they need to make it so food is not a reward.
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HALDEMAN: Weight loss can be sustained but only with lifestyle change as well.
OGDEN: Likely to result in more physical and psychological consequences than weight loss.
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CUMMINGS ET AL: 5/6 participants showed positive correlation between ghrelin, stomach emptiness and hunger.
WEGNER AT AL: One group told not to think about white bear but ring bell if did, one told to think about white bear. Ones told not to rang bell more often.
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MARIE ET AL: Genetically manipulated mice so didn’t produce Neuropeptide Y, when injected with it their feeding increased.
FOOD AND MOOD PROJECT: Type of diet important, low-calorie can cause anxiety/depression = over eating.
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DAVIS: Young children, pediatric unit had innate preferences for healthy foods.
BAYLIS- Two symmetrical lesions on the VMN of 8 male and 5 female rats, bodyweight was later compared to age matched controls. Rats with lesions on their VMN became obese. Therefore we can conclude that damage to the VMN can cause hyperphagia.
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ROBERTS: We became behavioral carnivores in times of desperation and unavailability of plants.
WINN- Made lesions on the lateral nucleus of rats, some were larger lesions than others due to the amount of toxin injected. Those with small lesions had no change to eating behaviour, whereas those with larger leisions showed long term deficits in t
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BAILER ET AL: High levels of serotonin in anorexics compared to healthy participants
KLUMP ET AL: Genetic contributed to Anorexia is between 50-80%
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HAYE ET AL: Serotonin effective in preventing relapse of recovering patients.
: FRISCH: 17% needed before menstruation begins, additional fat 22% needed to maintain regular ovulation.
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KAYE ET AL: PET scans of 10 recovering and 12 healthy. Over-activity of dopamine in anorexic sample in area associated with rewards. Anorexics don’t associate food with reward, reward sensors distorted.
FRISCH AND BARBIEN: Alerting weight gain/loss is effective for controlling sexual maturation.
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LINDBERG AND HJEM: Association between premature birth and anorexia.
GUSINGER: When ancestors were hunter-gatherers needed to move on regularly and anorexia suffer restlessness and high levels of activity, opposed to normal starvation = adaptive.
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EAGLES: Individuals with anorexia, more likely to be born in spring time.
FREUD: Eating and sex symbolically related, refusal to eat represents refusal of sexuality (to grow up)
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HOLLAND ET AL: Concordance rate for anorexia is 55% in MZ and 7%in DZ twins.
CARTER: 77 anorexics, 44% reported early childhood sexual abuse.
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Card 2

Front

WANSINK ET AL: Sad films caused participants to eat more popcorn to elevate mood but comedies caused them to eat grapes to maintain mood.

Back

WESTCOMBE AND WARDLE: Those concerned with health said they’d buy low fat cheese & yoghurt and rated high fat ones as most unpleasant.

Card 3

Front

HERMAN AND POLIVY: Biopsychological explanation. Body has a set point, determined by our biology and we try to maintain this point.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

REDDEN: Need to pay attention to detail of their food, interesting and achievable.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

HIERNAN ET AL: Dissatisfaction with body shape at baseline will be more successful.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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