Dutch War

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  • Created by: Beth
  • Created on: 24-03-14 19:10
What were Louis' motives in the Dutch War?
Revenge; mercantilism; to prove his worth as Most Christian King; because of the vulnerability of the N/E border
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What were the United Provinces like at the time?
They were the most modern state in Europe and consisted of 17 provinces
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Why were the united provinces so advanced?
The population was two/thirds urban which was different as every other state was predominantly rural.
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Why were Jews, puritans, Huguenots etc attracted to them?
They had religious tolerance which meant that the religious groups would not be persecuted by the state
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What trade were they especially good at? (name 3 goods)
Maritime trade- Nails, ropes and sails
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What trade did the companies dominate?
Colonial
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Where were these?
Far East (exclusive trading rights to Japan); North (New Amsterdam); South America; Africa and Baltic
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What was special about them dominating trade in commodities like timber and grain?
They didn't produce those goods
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most advanced____ and _____ systems in Europe
most advanced FINANCIAL and ECONOMIC systems in Europe
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What was significant about their mercantile fleet in comparison to England?
Their mercantile fleet was larger than France, Spain, England and Scotland put together
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when was the second Dutch war?
1665-67
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How did it allow United Provinces to reverse earlier maritime defeats by the English?
it allowed them to Raid on the Medway (1667)
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How was the House of Orange related to events in the United Provinces
House of Orange governed the United Provinces and could take control in times of emergency
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Which city became the centre of the ‘Dutch Golden age’ of science, art, philosophy and religion?
Amsterdam
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How was Louis tactless in how he handled the Dutch?
The Dutch and Spanish were enemies. As Spain was an enemy of France, it would have made sense for France to join forces with the Dutch to defeat the Spanish. Instead Louis went against both the Spanish and the Dutch, causing them to form an alliance.
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Who was Lionne?
Lionne was Mazarin's successor in foreign affairs and had originally fell into disgrace under Richelieu
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How did he try to make sure Louis won the war?
He tried to isolate the enemy by bribing the Swedish and English to stay neutral
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what did Louis order before the start of the war and why?
ordered an invasion of Lorraine to protect his eastern border
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When did Louis declare war on the Dutch?
Louis declared war on the Dutch in April 1672
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Who was Jan de Witt and what did he do?
Jan de Witt was the leader of Dutch government. He sued for peace in June.
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what happened to him? (was this expected?)
Unexpectedly, he was lynched by the Amsterdam mob
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What surprising events happened after Louis refused? 1. (De Witt) 2. (William of Orange)?
De Witt was lynched and William of Orange now assumed leadership
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Other surprising events? 3. (Dutch)
Dutch began stubborn and well organised defence of their territory. Opened dyjes, letting in the sea, which made French advances more difficult and maximised Dutch maritime supremacy.
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4. (Leopold, German Princes and Imperial Hapsburgs)
Leopold (holy Roman Emperor) and Frederick William of Brandenburg were declared for the Dutch. Louis faced an alliance of Dutch, spain, imperial Hapsburgs and German princes with only swedes to help him.
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Give three reasons why it is said that the first years of the campaign went well for the French? Their Navy… Franche Comte… Turenne…
Their navy held its own against the Dutch. Franche Comte was retaken and Turenne enjoyed a number of victories against imperial forces.
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Give three words that describe the Dutch resistance?
determined, brave and effective
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Which battle was reputed as being one of the hardest battles of the 17th century?
The battle of Seneffe in 1674
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What happened to Conde in this battle?
He had three horses killed under him in the battle
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How and when was Turenne killed?
Turenne was killed in action at Salzbach in 1675
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What happened in the same year that was significant in terms of allies?
The Swedes were defeated by Brandenburg at Fehrbellin and the English rejoined the Dutch
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Why did William of Orange marry Mary Stuart?
To establish firm ties between the House of Orange and the House of Stuart.
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Why was this bad for Louis?
They were allied against him and put a strain on French resources
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What did Colbert recommend? (why is this significant)
Commended an early peace. Colbert was mercantilist.
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Which strategically important town did he have to give back?
Maastricht
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Why was the town strategically important?
It was considered a fortress for supplies
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what did the treaty mark?
important territorial and strategic gains
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What kind of outcome does this suggest?
Positive
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How had the war affected France economically?
It was very costly
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How had the war affect how other countries viewed France?
Other countries were under no illusion as to the threat that Louis posed.
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What was William of Orange seen as after the Dutch war?
William emerged as a resourceful and dogged opponent
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How did this affect Louis?
it would frustrate Louis for many years to come
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How did what happened to Conde and Turenne affect Louis?
Turenne was killed and Conde announcement his imminent retirement. Which were major blows for Louis, adding to his disappointment
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What was the general feelings in Europe after the war?
Louis evoked antagonism and suspision through the Dutch War
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How was this dangerous for Louis?
They now saw how much of a threat he posed and began to be wary and prepare themselves against him
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In retrospect, were Louis’ motives worth the price he had to pay?
although it's relative to opinion, there is a lot of evidence to suggest that, considering the high price he had to pay, the motives revenge over Dutch 'disloyalty' wasn't worth it
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What were the United Provinces like at the time?

Back

They were the most modern state in Europe and consisted of 17 provinces

Card 3

Front

Why were the united provinces so advanced?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why were Jews, puritans, Huguenots etc attracted to them?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What trade were they especially good at? (name 3 goods)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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