DNA replication

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DNA replication
When the cell is preparing to divide the double helix splits and each strand serves as a template strand for the production of a new DNA molecule
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Semi-conservative replication (half the same)
Two new DNA molecules are produced with each one consisting of one oLd strand and one new strand of DNA
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Process of DNA replication
1- DNA helicase catalyses reactions to break the hydrogen bonds between the bases and unzip the double helix 2- Activated free nucleotides pair with exposed complementary bases, catalysed by DNA polymerase
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Continuous replication
The strand that is unzipped 3’ to 5’ is called the leading strand and can be continuously replicated
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Discontinuous replication
The strand that is unzipped 5’ to 3’ is called the lagging strand and DNA is produced in sections called Okazaki fragments which have to be joined by DNA ligase
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Mutation
A random/spontanous change in the sequence of bases due to replication errors
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Genetic code
The sequences of bases in DNA are the instructions for the sequences of amino acids in the production of proteins
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Triplet code
Three bases = one codon, each codon codes for one amino acid
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Degenerate code
64 different codons possible so an amino acid can be coded for by more than one codon
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Semi-conservative replication (half the same)

Back

Two new DNA molecules are produced with each one consisting of one oLd strand and one new strand of DNA

Card 3

Front

Process of DNA replication

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Continuous replication

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Discontinuous replication

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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