map which uses differences in shading, colouring, or the placing of symbols within areas to indicated the average values of a particular quantity in those areas
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Dot density map
map that uses a dot to show the presence of a feature or phenomenon- rely on visual scatter to show spatial pattern
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CBD
Central Business District
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Inputs
births and in-migration
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Outputs
Deaths and out-migration
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Natural change
balance between births and deaths in a population, in form of natural increase/natural decrease/stable
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Net migration
balance between immigration and emmigration
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Life expectancy
avg. number of years from birth that someone can expect to live in the country they're in
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Immigration
movement of people INTO a different country to settle there
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Emmigration
movement of people from a country
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Fertility rate
avg. total number of births per woman
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Infant mortality rate
number of deaths of infants under 1 per 1000 live births
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Crude birth rate
total number of live births/1000 of a population / year
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Crude death rate
total number of deaths /1000 of a population / year
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Replacement level
total fertility rate at which a population exactly replaces itself from one generation to the next
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Demographic transition model
structure that shows and explains variations in fertility and mortality, considering factors such as: economic, political, environmental and socio-cultural
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Ethnicity
group identified by a distinctive culture, religion or language
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Segregation
Separation of people of different wealth, cultures or nationalities
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Social clustering
preference for living close to people you wish to be with
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Ethnic enclave
neighbourhood that's home to many members of one minority ethnic group
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Elite enclave
prominent population of high socio-economic status
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Sense of place
the emotional relationships developed between people and place
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Clone town
indistinguishable town containing many chain stores
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Urbanisation
Process by which more and more people live in towns and cities
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Sub-urbanisation
movement of people, offices, factories, shops AWAY from city-centre into suburbs
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Counter-urbanisation
movement of people away from cities and towns to villages and small towns in the countryside
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Re-urbanisation
movement of people back into the central area of a city after it has a period of decline. City centre redevelopment is usually a catalyst for this process
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Yuppies
young urban working professionals
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Subjective opinion
based on personal opinion
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Objective opinion
based on facts
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Primary data
original research obtained through first hand investigation e.g surveys
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Secondary data
Research that's widely available & obtained from another party
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Regeneration
Long term improvements to an area= mainly designed for existing population
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Gentrification
Long term improvements to an area- often due to influx of wealthy residents to a newly desirable area
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Multiculturalism
equal status given to all cultures, no one culture prevails
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Rural-urban fringe
different land uses, including some housing, but also services and leisure
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Accessible rural
Good access to services & urban areas
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Remote rural
Isolated locations, often with limited services
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Chloropleth map
Back
map which uses differences in shading, colouring, or the placing of symbols within areas to indicated the average values of a particular quantity in those areas
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