Discovering: Topic 13, Social development

?
  • Created by: Chookie
  • Created on: 21-05-17 21:17
What is ambivalent attachment?
An insecure attachment in which the infant still seeks the caregiver's bond but finds it to be insufficient
1 of 115
What is avoidant attachment?
An insecure attachment in which the infant becomes prematurely independent of the caregiver bond
2 of 115
What does insecure attachment?
Attachment which does not provide a secure space
3 of 115
What is secure attachment?
Attachment which provides a secure base
4 of 115
What is attachment?
A close enduring Bond between an infant and a parent or other Primary caregiver
5 of 115
What is autism?
A neuro developmental disorder associated with the Triad of impairments
6 of 115
What is bowlby's theory of attachment?
A. Theory which emphasises the importance of attachment to a child's cognitive, social and emotional development
7 of 115
What is the false belief task?
A developmental task used to test children's understanding that the belief of others can be wrong
8 of 115
What is inter-generational transmission of attachment Style?
The tendency to past your attachment style to your children
9 of 115
What is kohlberg's theory of moral development?
A three stage theory of moral development (pre conventional ,conventional ,post conventional)
10 of 115
What is morality?
The process we use to label human behaviour as right or wrong
11 of 115
Who came up with moral realism and moral relativism?
Piaget
12 of 115
What is moral realism?
Moral thinking that assumes morals to be unchangeable (based on authority) and which judges behaviour based on outcomes rather than intentions
13 of 115
What is piaget's theory of moral development?
A three stage theory of moral development (pre-moral, real, relative)
14 of 115
What is the psychology of morality?
It has three components (emotion, cognition and behaviour)
15 of 115
What do developmental theories focus on in relating to the psychology of morality
Cognition (Reasoning about what is moral)
16 of 115
What is a secure base?
An effective attachment to a parent or other primary give us which gives an infant or child confidence to explore the world
17 of 115
Who came up with the stranger situation test?
Ainsworth
18 of 115
What is Ainsworth strange situation test?
A test to assess attachment Styles in 1-2 year old infants
19 of 115
What is the theory of mind?
A complex set of skills and knowledge based on the understanding that others have internal mental States which drive their behaviour
20 of 115
What is the Triad of impairments?
Three kinds of impairment associated with autism: social interaction, language and communication, restricted and repetitive behaviour
21 of 115
How is attachment characterised?
By tendency to seek and maintain closeness especially during times of stress
22 of 115
Is attachment a secure base from which to explore the world?
Yes
23 of 115
In what year was bowlby's attachment Theory developed?
1969
24 of 115
According to Bowlby, why was Mother love in infancy and childhood important?
It is important for mental health
25 of 115
Where Bowlby's ideas influential in modern Western culture?
Yes
26 of 115
What is one of the opposing ideas to bowlby's attachment theory?
That mother love is not unique, what matters is that a small number of Individuals give constant care
27 of 115
What is the first stage of bowlby's attachment theory?
Pre-attachment
28 of 115
What is the second stage of bowlby's attachment theory?
Attachment-in-the-making
29 of 115
What is the third stage of bowlby's attachment theory?
Clear-cut attachment
30 of 115
What is the fourth stage of bowlby's attachment theory?
Reciprocal relationships
31 of 115
At what age does pre-attachment exist?
Between birth and 6 weeks
32 of 115
At what age does attachment-in-the-making exist?
Between six weeks to six months
33 of 115
At what age does clear-cut attachment exist?
Between 6 months to 1 and a half years
34 of 115
At what age does reciprocal relationships exist?
After one and a half years old
35 of 115
When did Ainsworth do the strange situation?
1973
36 of 115
What was the aim of Ainsworth strange situation?
To assess attachment style in 1-2 year old infants
37 of 115
What is observed during Ainsworth's strange situation?
The reaction of an infant to a caregiver and a stranger
38 of 115
How many events are there in Ainsworth's strange situation?
8 events
39 of 115
What does the infants behaviour reveal in Ainsworth's strange situation?
The attachment style to their mother
40 of 115
What is step one in Ainsworth's strange situation?
The carer and the infant are introduced to the room
41 of 115
What is step 2 in Ainsworth's strange situation?
The carer and the infant playing the room
42 of 115
What is step 3 in Ainsworth's strange situation?
The stranger enters the room and talk to the carer and tries to play with infants
43 of 115
What is step 4 in Ainsworth's strange situation?
The carer leaves the room and the stranger tries to play with the infant
44 of 115
What is step 5 in Ainsworth's strange situation?
The Carer returns and the stranger leaves
45 of 115
What is step 6 in Ainsworth's strange situation?
The carer leaves again leaving the child alone
46 of 115
What is step 7 in Ainsworth's strange situation?
The stranger returns and tries to comfort the infant
47 of 115
What is step 8 in Ainsworth strange situation?
The carer returns, the stranger leaves and the carer tries to comfort the infant
48 of 115
What are the two styles of attachment?
Secure attachment and insecure attachment
49 of 115
What are the two types of insecure attachment?
Avoidant and ambivalent
50 of 115
If a child has secure attachment why do they have anxiety?
The anxiety is due to the carers absence and the child will recover quickly
51 of 115
If a child has avoidant attachment why do they have anxiety?
Because they have been left alone
52 of 115
Is a child has a secure attachment, how do they interact with the carer?
They will seek proximity and interaction mostly at the reunion
53 of 115
Is a child has avoidant attachment how do they interact with the carer?
They will avoid proximity and interaction with the carer at reunion
54 of 115
If a child has ambivalent attachment how do they act during play?
They act very clingy to their carer during play
55 of 115
If a child has ambivalent attachment how do they react when their carer has gone?
Very distressed
56 of 115
If a child has ambivalent attachment how do they react when they see their carer after a period of absence?
They show some seeking of contact at reunion but also resisting behaviours
57 of 115
What is another name for ambivalent attachment?
Resistant
58 of 115
How many infants are assessed as having a secure attachment?
Two thirds of infants
59 of 115
If you have a secure attachment at 1 years old, what favourable outcome because this cause at Age 2?
Curiosity and problem solving
60 of 115
If you have a secure attachment at 1 years old, what favourable outcomes could this cause at Age 3?
Social confidence
61 of 115
If you have a secure attachment at 1 years old, what favourable outcome could this cause at age 5?
Independence and empathy
62 of 115
If you have a secure attachment at 1 years old, what favourable outcomes could this cause at age 10?
Being rated highly on educational, emotional and social measures
63 of 115
Does your first significant relationships influence your expectation of what significant relationships are like?
Yes
64 of 115
If you have an avoidant attachment, what is your romantic relationship likely to be like?
Independent, reject intimacy, superior
65 of 115
If you have an ambivalent attachment, what is your romantic relationship likely to be like?
Needy, want intimacy, inferior
66 of 115
According to the theory of mind, do we all have mental States (emotions, desires, beliefs)?
Yes
67 of 115
According to the theory of mind what drives actions?
Mental States not instincts
68 of 115
According to the theory of mind can our mental States differ?
Yes
69 of 115
According to the theory of mind can beliefs differ and be false?
Yes
70 of 115
Who is the best at theory of mind?
Humans
71 of 115
Who came up with the false belief task?
Wimmer and perner (1983)
72 of 115
What is wimmer and perner (1983)'s false belief task?
A child is shown this scene. The teddy puts the ball in the box then leaves, the puppy moves the ball to the box, the teddy comes back. The child is asked where the teddy will look for the ball.
73 of 115
At what age do you pass the false belief task?
Age 4
74 of 115
When does autism emerge?
Early childhood
75 of 115
Is autism a lifelong condition?
Yes
76 of 115
How many people does autism effect?
1 in 100 individuals
77 of 115
Do we know the cause of autism?
No
78 of 115
What is used to diagnose autism?
The Triad of impairments
79 of 115
What are the three triad of impairments?
Difficulties with social interaction, language and communication, restricted and repetitive behaviours
80 of 115
Does everyone have the same symptoms with autism?
No
81 of 115
Do autism children pass or fail the false belief task?
They fail
82 of 115
Who found out that autistic children fail the first belief task?
Baron-Cohen et al (1985)
83 of 115
Does the lack of theory of mind account for all of the difficulties autistic people face?
No
84 of 115
What difficulty does the lack of theory of mind fail to explain?
Restricted and repetitive behaviours
85 of 115
Who suggested that autism isn't really a single disorder that instead many?
Ronald et al (2006)
86 of 115
What is the emotion component of the psychology of morality?
Self = feelings of Pride, guilt and shame others= feelings of condemnation , anger, disgust
87 of 115
What is the cognition component of the psychology of morality?
The reasoning that we used to evaluate ours and others behaviours as right or wrong
88 of 115
What is the traditional view of morality?
That is is about thinking and feeling (cognition)
89 of 115
What type of theory is piaget's theory on morality?
Domain-general
90 of 115
What is piaget interested in in terms of morality?
How moral decisions are made not what decisions are made
91 of 115
According to piaget what moral reasoning do you have if you are under 6 years old?
Nun you are pre-moral
92 of 115
According to Piaget what type of moral reasoning do you have if you are between 6 to 10 years old?
Moral realism
93 of 115
According to piaget what type of moral reasoning do you have if you are after 10 years old?
Moral relativism
94 of 115
What are the moral realism rules?
They are absolute and unchangeable
95 of 115
Who sets the rules with moral realism?
Authority figures
96 of 115
What type of thinking does moral realism Centre around?
A single dimension=centred
97 of 115
With moral realism when making moral judgements what do you do?
You focus on actions and ignore intentions
98 of 115
According tomorrow realism are accidental actions as good / bad as intentional actions?
Yes
99 of 115
According to moral relativism can rules be changed?
Yes, they can be changed through social agreement
100 of 115
What type of thinking does moral relativism revolve around?
Decentered thinking
101 of 115
With moral relativism what do you focus on?
Intentions and actions
102 of 115
What does moral realism allow you to create?
A general moral principles such as equality
103 of 115
With moral relativism, formal operational thinking is....?
Abstract
104 of 115
According to kohlberg what is pre-conventional reasoning?
Avoiding punishment and seeking your own reward
105 of 115
According to kohlberg what is conventional reasoning?
Seeking societies approval and maintaining laws
106 of 115
According to kohlberg what is post-conventional reasoning?
Using your individually constructed abstract moral principles
107 of 115
How many sub-stages are there within kohlberg's theory of the levels of reasoning?
6, 2 in each level
108 of 115
What are the two sub stages of the pre-conventional level in kohlberg theory of reasoning?
Obedience + punishment orientation, reward orientation
109 of 115
What are the two sub stages of the conventional level in Kohlberg's theory of reasoning?
Good boy / nice girl orientation, social order maintaining morality
110 of 115
What are the two sub stages of the Post-conventional level in kohlberg's theory of reasoning?
Social Contract vs individual right morality, morality of individual principles of conscience
111 of 115
What are the levels in kohlberg's theory of reasoning in terms of abstract (least to most)
Pre-conventional, conventional, post-conventional
112 of 115
What are the levels in kohlberg's theory of reasoning in terms of which ones are individually constructed (least to most)
Pre-conventional, conventional, post-conventional
113 of 115
According to David Hume what does emotion do?
Drives
114 of 115
Who is David Hume what does reason do?
Guides
115 of 115

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is avoidant attachment?

Back

An insecure attachment in which the infant becomes prematurely independent of the caregiver bond

Card 3

Front

What does insecure attachment?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is secure attachment?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is attachment?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all Social development resources »