Dissolve enamel which provides protection for the teeth
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6: What is saliva?
An alkaline liquid produced by salivary glands and its role is to neutralise acid
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7: How can you reduce the effects of acid?
Not having acidic food or drink, drinking water to flush acid away and clean teeth regularly
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8: Amylase
Produced in the salivary gland and breaks down starch to sugar
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9: Protease
Found in the stomach lining and breaks down protein to amino acids
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10: Amino acids
Used to make proteins for building cells or making enzymes and hemoglobin, excess acids cannot be stored in the body so they are carried to the liver and excreted
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11: The stomach
Acid in the stomach kills microbes which are swallowed. The stomach acts as a holding bag
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12: Small Intestine
Food is neutralised in the small intestine by bile. Bile breaks down fat into small droplets by a process known as emulsificaiton
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13: Large intestine
All the needed nutrients have been extracted and absorbed and the excreted unwanted material passes through for excretion
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14: Cystic Fibrosis
Inherited disorder, body produces thick sticky mucus which causes difficulties in digestion. It covers the surface of the villi preventing efficient absorption of nutrients
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15: Coeliac Disease
Triggered by a loss of gluten and causes the immune system to attack the surface of the villi so there is little absorption
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16: Villi
One cell thick and allows molecules to pass through to the capiliaries underneath
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17: How long is the Human Digestive System?
9 meters
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18: What can glucose, fatty acids and glycerol be used for?
Energy release
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
2: Chemical breakdown
Back
Starch, protein and fat are large molecules which are broken down by enzymes to turn them into smaller molecules
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