diet

?
  • Created by: sarah
  • Created on: 26-05-14 16:42
what nutrients does your body require for a ballanced diet
carbohydrates, proteines, lipids, vitamins and minerals, fibre (roughage)
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what % of energy intake comes from carbohydrates proteins and fats?
13% protein, 57% carbohydrates, 30% lipids
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how much exersize should someone do?
20-60minutes 3x a week
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define malnutrition
eating too much or too little of a paticular nutrient
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what does too little calcium lead to?
osteoporosis
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what does too little protein lead to?
kwashiorkor
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what does too little iorn lead too?
anemia
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what does too little Vitamin C lead too?
scurvey
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where is exsess energy stored?
adipose tissue
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what is obease?
a BMI over 30
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what diseases are associated with obesity
high BP, cancer, artheritis, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes
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where is cholesterol made?
liver
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what are the good uses of cholesterol?
add stability and fluidity to membranes, waterproof skin, sex hormones
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what are the problems associated with cholestral
forms part of HDL and LDL's, they build up in vessel walls causing atherosclorosis
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why is a diet of high salt intake bad for you?
reduces water potential of blood, causing it to retain more water, increasing blood pressure wich can damage walls and cause other problems in body
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what are the problems associated to atherosclerosis?
reduced blood flow, wic can cause heart to pump harder increasing blood pressure, this can cause blood vessels to burst wich along with clots from atherosclerosis, can lead to strokes and heart attacks
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what is the difference in structure between HDL and LDLs?
hdl's are made with unsaturated fats protein and cholesterol, LDL's are made of saturated fats, cholesterol and protiens
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what does HDL's stand for?
High density lipoproteins
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what does LDL's stand for?
low density lipoproteins
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where are HDL receptors
on liver
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why is saturated fats bad?
reduce the activity of LDL receptors so increase the amount of LDL's in blood and increase the chance of atherosclerosis
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what are the different types of chemicals used in food production (increasing yield)?
pesticides, antibodies, fertilizers
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explain selective breeding
.isolate individuals with desired phenotype, and cause parents to mate, (artificial selection), check offspring have desired genes by using DNA markers
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how do you make yogurt?
lactobacillus converts lactose into lactic acid wich then curdles the milk to make yougurt
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what are the undesired side effects of selective breeding?
too rapid growth, increased suseption to disease due to reduced gene pool
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what is single celled protein?
"Quorn" fungus FUSARIUM, wich grows in fermenters
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what are the advantages of single celled protein?
quick production, no animal welfare or religious issues, good source of protien, not really effected by natural disasters
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what are the disadvantages of single celled proteins?
high risk of food contamination, easy to kill microorganisms so conditions must be monitored witch is expensive, many people do not like it (palatability)
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what are the methods of preventing food spoilage?
caning (microorganisms cant respire aerobically), salting (dehydrates microrganisms), cooling and freezing (slows activity), Drying (enzymes cant mobilize), cooking (denatures enzymes & kills microorganisms),
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Card 2

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what % of energy intake comes from carbohydrates proteins and fats?

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13% protein, 57% carbohydrates, 30% lipids

Card 3

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how much exersize should someone do?

Back

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Card 4

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define malnutrition

Back

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Card 5

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what does too little calcium lead to?

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