Developments in Buddhist Thought - the Four Noble Truths 4.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? Religious StudiesBuddhismA2/A-levelOCR Created by: krystynataaffeCreated on: 17-04-18 08:26 What are the Four Noble Truths? Suffering (dukkha), craving (tanha), end to dukkha (nirvana) and the path away from dukkha (magga). 1 of 31 Wha analogy is used to describe the Four Noble Truths? The doctor analogy. Dukkha = the illness, tanha = the cause, nirvana = prognosis/forecast, magga = the cure/the medicine. 2 of 31 What did the Buddha say about suffering? ''I teach but one thing, suffering, its causes and its ends" 3 of 31 Who does he address in the Deer Park Sermon? 5 monks (Bhikkus). 4 of 31 Which three things can we not escape? Birth, old age and death. 5 of 31 What are other examples of dukkha? Sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief and despair (some of the 10 types of obvious dukkhas). 6 of 31 Which five important things are also considered as dukkha? The five aggregates of grasping/the five skandhas. 7 of 31 Is dependent origination part of dukkha? Yes - craving is a part of dependent origination which causes suffering, as are birth, death and old-age. 8 of 31 What does ''tanha'' mean? Craving. 9 of 31 What is ''tanha"? The Second Noble Truth, the Origin of Dukkha. 10 of 31 What are the three types of tanha? Vibhava-tanha = craving for annihilation, e.g wishing you'd never existed. Kama-tanha = sensual craving (material/sexual). Brava-tanha = becoming, e.g wanting fame. 11 of 31 What is tanha a part of? Dependent origination/12 links. 12 of 31 Can tanha have positive connotations? Yes - tanha can have positive connotations e.g craving for nirvana. 13 of 31 What is the ending of dukkha/cessation of dukkha? Nirvana 14 of 31 What is the ''letting go'' part of nirvana? Nirodha 15 of 31 In the 79th dilemma of King Milinda - what is said about nirvana? We can never know the true nature of nirvana. We cannot compare nirvana by analogy but we can compare its qualities. 16 of 31 In the 80th dilemma of King Milinda, what else is said about nirvana? Nirvana is unconditioned; it is not made of anything. It is not produced or un-produced. 17 of 31 What is the fourth and final Noble Truth? Magga - the Eightfold Path. 18 of 31 What are the eight practices that should be followed in the Eightfold Path? Right understanding, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness and right concentration. 19 of 31 What is right understanding? Accepting Buddhist teachings. 20 of 31 What is right intention? A commitment to cultivate right attitudes. 21 of 31 What is right speech? Speaking truthfully and harmoniously, avoiding slander, gossip and abusive speech. 22 of 31 What is right action? Behaving peacefully and harmoniously, refraining from stealing, killing and over-indulgence in sensual practice. 23 of 31 What is right livelihood? Avoid making a living in ways that cause harm e.g exploiting people, killing animals or trading intoxicants or weapons. 24 of 31 What is right effort? Cultivating positive states of mind, freeing oneself from evil and unwholesome states and preventing them from arising in future. 25 of 31 What is right mindfulness? Developing awareness of the body, sensations, feelings and states of mind. 26 of 31 What is right concentration? Developing mental focus for this awareness. 27 of 31 Which of the eight practices are grouped into ''Wisdom"? Right understanding and right intention. 28 of 31 Which of the eight practices are grouped into ''Ethical Conduct"? Right speech, action and livelihood. 29 of 31 Which of the eight practices are grouped into ''Meditation"? Right effort, mindfulness and concentration. 30 of 31 What did the Buddha compare the Eightfold Path to? Like a raft - once it reaches the shore it is no longer needed. 31 of 31
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