Development CYCS

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  • Created by: Hannah
  • Created on: 23-11-15 22:00
Maturational Approach
Gesell
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The critical period plays an important role in the concept of imprinting, first used by ... in connection with the earliest process of social attachment in young animals.
Lorenz
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Classical conditioning- we make connections between sounds & responses
Pavlov
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Operant conditioning- positive and negative reinforcement
Skinner
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Believed that children construct their own understanding about things
Piaget
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... Conditioned a baby to a fear of white rats
Watson
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A set of theoretical propositions that focus on the impact of experience in shaping behaviour
Behaviourism or learning theory
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A development of behaviourism, which recognises that human behaviour is further shaped by feelings, direct observation and thinking about experiences.
Social learning theory
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learning through observation and then direct imitation of another person.
Modelling
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Focuses on the effects of society on children's learning and development
Vygotsky
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The gap between what the child can do alone and what it can do with help from others
Zone of Proximal Development
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believes children are active learners needing first hand experience
Bruner
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Believes that children's development is supported through scaffolding
Bruner
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Considered the environment as 'a set of nested structures, each inside the next, like a set of Russian Dolls'
Bronfenbrenner
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Child, nuclear family
Microsystem
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Family friends, extended family
Exosystem
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Government policy, laws
Macrosystem
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What weight does the brain weigh at birth?
450g
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How many neurones are babies born with?
100 billion
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How do neurones start connecting?
Process of sending and receiving
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Connections that are repeatedly used become permanent while those that are not used begin to die.
Synaptogensis
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... effect design of brain and adult capabilities
Early experiences
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... allow optimal learning
Sensitive periods
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Activity of young children's brains has greatly reduced by...
Adolescence
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If a woman experiences ... during pregnancy then she is prone to having a still born or the child will have an early death.
Malnutrition
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Increases health problems in children such as asthma and can have an impact on cognitive and social development
Smoking
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In early adolescence someone who had grown up with an unfriendly or hostile sibling was more likely to be anxious, depressed or aggressive
Dune and Kendrick
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Suggest girls: have a best friend, they like to keep harmony and are good at communicating
Golombok and Fivush
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... found in early adolescence large same sex cliques or gangs become common
Dunphy
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Measures peer relationships
Sociometry
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larger groups, defined by age or class in school or neighbourhood
Crowds
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between three and ten people, defined by common activities and shared interests – ‘friendship groups’
Cliques
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The critical period plays an important role in the concept of imprinting, first used by ... in connection with the earliest process of social attachment in young animals.

Back

Lorenz

Card 3

Front

Classical conditioning- we make connections between sounds & responses

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Operant conditioning- positive and negative reinforcement

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Believed that children construct their own understanding about things

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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