Developing Speech Key Terms 5.0 / 5 based on 3 ratings ? English LanguageA2/A-levelAQA Created by: NatalieCreated on: 13-05-13 10:58 Phoneme The smallest unit of the sound system in a language 1 of 28 Phonetics The study of sound used in speech and how they are produced 2 of 28 Lexis The vocabulary of a language 3 of 28 Semantics The study of meaning 4 of 28 Syntax The way words are arranged to make a sentence 5 of 28 Morphology Formation of words from morphemes 6 of 28 Phonology Sound systems and how they communicate meaning 7 of 28 Discourse A stretch of communication 8 of 28 Pragmatics What influences why we choose to say one thing rather than another 9 of 28 Language Acquisition Device (LAD) The humans brain's inbuilt capacity to acquire language 10 of 28 Holophrase A single word expressing a whole idea/meaning 11 of 28 Vocative A form used to address a person 12 of 28 Positive Reinforcement When a behaviour is rewarded and encouraged to be repeated 13 of 28 Negative Reinforcement When a behaviour is unrewarded and discouraged to be repreated 14 of 28 Behaviourist Theory Theories/theorists that believe language is acquired through imitation and reinforcement 15 of 28 Overextension When a child uses a word to label things that aren't normally part of that words meaning. Example: 'dog' = all four legged pets 16 of 28 Underextension When a child uses a word to label things that are only a part of it's actual meaning. Example: 'duck' = cartoon ducks, not real pond ducks 17 of 28 Hypernym A word that is more generic or general and can have more specific words beneath it. Example: clothes 18 of 28 Hyponym A more specific word within a category or under a hypernym. Example: socks, t-shirts, trousers 19 of 28 Free Morpheme A word that can stand alone as an independent word 20 of 28 Bound Morpheme One that cannot stand alone as an independent word but must be attached to other morpheme/word 21 of 28 Virtuous Error Syntactic errors made by children in which the non-standard utterance reveals some understanding of standard syntax 22 of 28 Overgeneralisation Extension of a words meaning or grammatical rule beyond it's normal use 23 of 28 Child Directed Speech (CDS) Any speech patterns used by parents/carers when communicating with young children 24 of 28 Language Acquisition Support System (LASS) The child's interaction with the adults around them and how it supports their language development 25 of 28 Object Permanence The awareness that objects continue to exist even when they are not visable 26 of 28 Scaffolding Transferring a skill from adult to child and then withdrawing support once the skill has been mastered 27 of 28 Nativists People who believe that humans have an inbuilt capacity to acquire language 28 of 28
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