Developing Speech Key Terms

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  • Created by: Natalie
  • Created on: 13-05-13 10:58
Phoneme
The smallest unit of the sound system in a language
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Phonetics
The study of sound used in speech and how they are produced
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Lexis
The vocabulary of a language
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Semantics
The study of meaning
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Syntax
The way words are arranged to make a sentence
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Morphology
Formation of words from morphemes
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Phonology
Sound systems and how they communicate meaning
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Discourse
A stretch of communication
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Pragmatics
What influences why we choose to say one thing rather than another
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Language Acquisition Device (LAD)
The humans brain's inbuilt capacity to acquire language
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Holophrase
A single word expressing a whole idea/meaning
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Vocative
A form used to address a person
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Positive Reinforcement
When a behaviour is rewarded and encouraged to be repeated
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Negative Reinforcement
When a behaviour is unrewarded and discouraged to be repreated
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Behaviourist Theory
Theories/theorists that believe language is acquired through imitation and reinforcement
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Overextension
When a child uses a word to label things that aren't normally part of that words meaning. Example: 'dog' = all four legged pets
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Underextension
When a child uses a word to label things that are only a part of it's actual meaning. Example: 'duck' = cartoon ducks, not real pond ducks
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Hypernym
A word that is more generic or general and can have more specific words beneath it. Example: clothes
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Hyponym
A more specific word within a category or under a hypernym. Example: socks, t-shirts, trousers
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Free Morpheme
A word that can stand alone as an independent word
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Bound Morpheme
One that cannot stand alone as an independent word but must be attached to other morpheme/word
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Virtuous Error
Syntactic errors made by children in which the non-standard utterance reveals some understanding of standard syntax
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Overgeneralisation
Extension of a words meaning or grammatical rule beyond it's normal use
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Child Directed Speech (CDS)
Any speech patterns used by parents/carers when communicating with young children
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Language Acquisition Support System (LASS)
The child's interaction with the adults around them and how it supports their language development
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Object Permanence
The awareness that objects continue to exist even when they are not visable
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Scaffolding
Transferring a skill from adult to child and then withdrawing support once the skill has been mastered
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Nativists
People who believe that humans have an inbuilt capacity to acquire language
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Phonetics

Back

The study of sound used in speech and how they are produced

Card 3

Front

Lexis

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Semantics

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Syntax

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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