How many people suffer from Clinical Depression at some point in their life?
1 in 10
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What type of disorder is depression?
Affective disorder
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Which classification is used for diagnostic criteria for 'major depressive disorder'?
DSM-IV
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How many symptoms have to be present and for how long for it to be diagnosed as depression?
5 of the symptoms including at least 1 of the first 2 for at least 2 weeks as a change from previous functioning.
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What are the first 7 symptoms?
1. Depressed mood most of day&nearly every day. 2. Loss of pleasure in activities. 3. Significant weight loss or gain. 4. Insomnia or Hypersomnia. 5. Psychomotor agitation or retardation. 6. Fatigue. 7. Feelings of worthlessness or guilt.
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What are the 8th and 9th symptoms?
8. Diminished ability to think or concentrate properly. 9. Recurrent thoughts of death and/or suicide.
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What must be considered when diagnosing depression?
Impairment in functioning must not be due to the effects of a substance (e.g. drugs or alcohol) or because of bereavement (the first 6 months after death).
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Why is classification of 'major depressive disorder' used?
Validity & Reliability- prevents misdiagnosis. Treatment- identifying illness means appropriate means of treatment can be used.
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What is the most common age of onset and which gender is most likely to suffer from depression?
Late adolescence/ early adulthood (increasing amount in young people) and women are most likely to suffer: ratio of 2:1.
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Why, potentially, are women most likely to get depression?
Physiological factors: biology/hormones (menstrual cycle, menopause, etc.) Psychosocial factors: women are more emotionally expressive in patriarchal society. Men encouraged to be 'proper men' and show no emotion.
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What longitudinal study evaluates the length of depressive episodes? What did they find?
Coryell et al: he indeicated that most major depressions disappear eventually (w/ or w/out treatment) & individuals recover w/in 4-6 months. Relapse & Recurrence are common.
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What is the difference between relapse and recurrence?
Relapse= when symptoms get worse during a period of incomplete or brief recovery. Recurrence: a new episode of depressive symptoms following a period of more than 2 months.
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What are the 3 main areas of a person's life where depression impairs functioning?
What did Thornicroft and Sartnius find with regards to functioning?
Assessed functioning of depressed people over 10 years and only 1/3 of sample showed normal functioning. Even mild depression effects normal functioning.
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What percentage of those diagnosed with major depressive disorder commit suicide?
Approximately 10-15%.
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Why are depressed people at more risk of dying (apart from suicide)?
Less likely to seek medical help and more accident prone due to lack of concentration. Also been suggested that depression affects body's immune system.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What type of disorder is depression?
Back
Affective disorder
Card 3
Front
Which classification is used for diagnostic criteria for 'major depressive disorder'?
Back
Card 4
Front
How many symptoms have to be present and for how long for it to be diagnosed as depression?
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