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6. which study stated that women faced depression more as they have fewer educational and salary opportunities than men?

  • Shrier, 2002
  • Sallee 1998
  • Brown and Moran 1997
  • Kostanski 1998

7. What % of people ruminate to a friend?

  • 36
  • 34
  • 47
  • 14

8. In Robertson 2004, what is the prevalence for postpartum depression

  • 8-12%
  • 10-15%
  • 0.1-0.2%
  • 30-75%

9. In Calmes' study, what relationships found gender differences in co-rumination?

  • sibilings
  • friendships - peers
  • room mates
  • family

10. What did Kuebli 1995 find?

  • Girls are encouraged by their parents to express their feelings
  • Parental co-rumination is associated with emmeshed relationships and emotional distress
  • Young boys are told to suppress their feelings
  • Women are more vigilant due to exposure to more negative, uncontrolled life events

11. Where does distraction activate to cause positive mood?

  • anterior right hemisphere
  • prefrontal cortex
  • anterior left hemisphere
  • prefrontal left hemisphere

12. Who stated that women are 2x more likely to get depressed than males?

  • Kessler 1993
  • Sallee 1998
  • Brown and Moran 1997
  • Shrier 2002

13. Who found that parental co-rumination is linked to emmeshed relationships?

  • Kuelibi 1995
  • Hoeskema 2001
  • Waller 2005
  • Hops 1995

14. What did Hops 1995 find?

  • Girls are encouraged by their parents to express their feelings
  • Young boys are told to suppress their feelings
  • Parental co-rumination is associated with emmeshed relationships and emotional distress
  • Women are more vigilant due to exposure to more negative, uncontrolled life events

15. Why did Kessler 1993 state that women are more likely to get depressed?

  • likely to seek help, in more abusive relationships, contraception
  • achieve lower attainment educationally and face fewer salary opportunities
  • genetics and brain developments
  • live in poverty and are single mothers

16. How did Angst 2005 say that women deal with depression?

  • Emotional release and sport
  • Emotional release and religion
  • Reading and listening to music
  • Alcohol and sport

17. What does Becks cognitive model say about depression?

  • caused by the triad of negative views, faulting information processing, irrational beliefs
  • secondary to maladaptive anxiety
  • depression is a consequence of cognitively based anxiety
  • a result on unresolved bereavement

18. What did Korstein 2002 say were the reasons for higher depression in women?

  • greater risk of anxiety and ED morbidity and seasonal effect
  • social pressures to conform to such as staying at home
  • educational opportunities are less
  • menstrual cycle

19. Engaging in behaviours and thoughts that focus on symptoms of distress and the causes and consequences is?

  • Rumination
  • Emotional coping
  • Co-rumination
  • CBT

20. what was coynes theory of interpersonal relationships

  • Relationships can help depression risk
  • Supportive partner can decrease depression and new relationships can undo old ones
  • Those with depression should not be in relationships
  • Relationships can be damaging to an individual