Demography

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  • Created by: Anna
  • Created on: 09-04-14 11:29
What is demography?
The study of population, including factors affecting its size and growth.
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What causes an increase in population?
Immigration and births
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What causes a decrease in population?
Emigration and deaths.
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What is natural change?
births - deaths
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What is net migration?
immigration - emigration
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What is the birth rate?
the number of births per 1000 of the population per year.
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What is the long term trend in birth rate?
There has been a long-term decline in birth rate.
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What is total fertility rate?
The average number of children a woman will have during her fertile years.
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What two important trends are there?
More women are remaining childless nowadays and Women are having children later.
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Why has the birth rate fallen?
Changes in position of women, fall in the infant mortality rate, children as an economic liability and child-centredness.
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What is the death rate?
The number of deaths per thousand of the population per year.
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What have the patterns of the death rate been?
It fell from 1870 to 1930 but rose slightly between the 1930s and 40s due to economic depression and war. Since the 1950s it has declined slightly.
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Why has the death rate fallen?
Improved nutrition, medical improvements, public health improvements, decrease in dangerous jobs, more knowledge and higher incomes.
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What are the 3 main reasons for the ageing population?
Increasing life expectancy, low infant mortality and declining fertility.
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What are the effects of an ageing population?
Public services (older people consume more health and social care services), more one person pensioner households (now account for 1 in 7), rising dependency ratio and ageism.
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What is migration?
It is the movement of people. It can be internal or international.
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What are the main reasons for emigrating?
Push factors- unemployment and economic recession and pull factors- higher wages and better opportunities.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What causes an increase in population?

Back

Immigration and births

Card 3

Front

What causes a decrease in population?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is natural change?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is net migration?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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