state of animal cells when they have been immersed in a solution of lower water potential and have lost water by osmosis. They become shrivelled.
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Diffusion
The net movement of molecules or ions in a gas or liquid from an area of high concentration to an area where they are less concentrated
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Diffusion gradient
The gradient in molecular concentration (the difference in concentration) that allows diffusion to occur.
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Facilitated diffusion using channel proteins
shaped to allow only one type of ion through, they are 'gated' (meaning they can be opened and closed e.g. sodium and calcium ions
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Facilitated diffusion using carrier proteins
specific molecules (e.g. glucose) can fit into them at the membrane surface- when the specific molecule fits the protein changes shape to allow the molecule through to the other side of the membrane (for larger molecules)
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Active transport
movement of molecules or ions across membranes using ATP to drive protein 'pumps' within the membrane
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Solute
a solid that dissolves in a liquid
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Solvent
a liquid that dissolves solids
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Solution
a liquid containing dissolved solids
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The net movement of molecules or ions in a gas or liquid from an area of high concentration to an area where they are less concentrated
Back
Diffusion
Card 3
Front
The gradient in molecular concentration (the difference in concentration) that allows diffusion to occur.
Back
Card 4
Front
shaped to allow only one type of ion through, they are 'gated' (meaning they can be opened and closed e.g. sodium and calcium ions
Back
Card 5
Front
specific molecules (e.g. glucose) can fit into them at the membrane surface- when the specific molecule fits the protein changes shape to allow the molecule through to the other side of the membrane (for larger molecules)
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