DEFINITIONS - module 1 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryAcids, bases and saltsASOCR Created by: LauraBeeakenCreated on: 21-05-14 17:07 Isotope atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons (and different masses) 1 of 19 Atomic number and mass number AN = number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. MN = the number of particles (protons and neutrons) in the nucleus 2 of 19 Relative atomic mass the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of C-12 3 of 19 Relative isotopic mass the mass of an atom of an isotope compared to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of C-12 4 of 19 Relative formula mass the weighted mean mass of a formula unit compared to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of C-12 5 of 19 Relative molecular mass the weighted mean mass of a molecule compared to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of C-12 6 of 19 Empirical formula The simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound. 7 of 19 Molar volume The volume per mole of a gas (dm3). At room temp and pressure molar volume = 24dm3mol-1 8 of 19 Standard solution A solution of known concentration 9 of 19 Acid A species that is a proton donor 10 of 19 Alkali A type of base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions, OH- 11 of 19 Base A species that is a proton acceptor 12 of 19 Salt A chemical compound formed from an acid, when a H+ ion from an acid has been replaced by a metal ion/+ve ion, like NH4+ 13 of 19 Water of crystillisation Water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure of a compound 14 of 19 Oxidation Loss of electrons, or increase in oxidation number 15 of 19 Reduction Gain of electrons, or decrease in oxidation number 16 of 19 Redox reaction A reaction in which both oxidation and reduction take place 17 of 19 Reducing agent A reagent that reduces another species (adds e-s) 18 of 19 Oxidising agent A reagent that oxidises another species (takes e-s) 19 of 19
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