Revision Cards - Biology - 3 and 4

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  • Created by: Hinges
  • Created on: 12-08-20 00:20
Why is it useful to use salt when extracting DNA from fruit cells?
The salt helps the DNA to stick together
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The haploid gamete of a plant species has 12 chromosomes, two of these gametes fuse to make a zygote. How many chromosomes will there be in a zygote?
24 chromosomes
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Genotype
Genotype is the combination of alleles one has
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Phenotype
Phenotype is the characteristics one have
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Why does sexual reproduction result in genetic variation?
It results in new combination of alleles in offspring
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How does fossils provide evidence that they were evolved from simple life?
Arranging fossils in a chronological order shows gradual changes in organisms
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Pointed stone tools among the bones - what does it suggest?
That they belong to a more recent species like Homo Sapiens
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State the method that the scientists could use to find the age of stone tools
Stratiography
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Give one example of how advances in technology was used to distinguish between Archea and Bacteria?
Genetic analysis showed that Archea and Bacteria were less closely related than first thought
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Name the gametes in humans
Egg cells and sperm cells
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What word is used to describe all of an organisms DNA?
Genome
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Double Helix - what does it mean
Double stranded spiral. DNA is a double helix, meaning it has 2 strands coiled together in double helix
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What effect an ice-cold alcohol have on a solution containing free DNA molecules
DNA's start to precipitate as they are not soluble in ice-cold alcohol
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What effect a detergent has when extracting DNA from the fruit?
Detergent breaks down the cell membrane to release the DNA
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What does it mean if an organism is homozygous for a gene
It means the organism has 2 alleles for a particular gene of the same type
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What does it mean if an organism is heterozygous for a gene
It means the organism has 2 alleles for a particular gene of different types
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What is a monohybrid inheritance
It is the inheritance of characteristics controlled by a single gene
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What is an acquired characteristic (same as environmental variation)
Characteristics that the organisms acquire during their lifetime
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What are hominids
Human beings and their ancestors are called as hominids
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Which fossil is older? Ardi or Lucy?
Ardi
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What is stratiography?
The study of rock layers
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What is artificial selection (or selective breeding)?
Artificial selection is when humans breed plants and animals for particular genetic characteristics to remain in population.
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What is gene pool?
No. of different alleles in a population
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What are restriction enzymes used for in genetic engineering?
Restriction enzymes recognise specific sequence of DNA and cut the DNA at these points
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Which enzyme puts the two pieces of DNA's together?
Ligase
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What does Ligase enzyme do?
Sticks the two DNA back together
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What are recombintant DNA's
Two different bits of DNA stuck together
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What is a vector?
Vector is something that's used to transfer DNA into a cell
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What is monohybrid inheritance?
Ineritance of single characteristic
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What happens to the DNA in a cell before the first division in meosis?
DNA gets duplicated
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What causes genetic variation in a species?
Mutation
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

24 chromosomes

Back

The haploid gamete of a plant species has 12 chromosomes, two of these gametes fuse to make a zygote. How many chromosomes will there be in a zygote?

Card 3

Front

Genotype is the combination of alleles one has

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Phenotype is the characteristics one have

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

It results in new combination of alleles in offspring

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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