Definitions 3 part 2

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  • Created by: Nayeema-A
  • Created on: 08-01-17 14:28
Why are Esters useful?
Have sweet smell so used in perfumes &sweet flavouring. Also are polar liquids so organic polar compound dissolve in them. They have low boiling points so evaporate easily so good for glues&printer ink.. Used as plasticisers to make plastic flexible
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What is hydrolysis?
When a substance is split up by water.
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Products from Acid Hydrolysis?
Acid + Alcohol
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Products from Base Hydrolysis?
CarboxylATE ION + Alcohol
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What is acid hydrolysis?
Reflux Ester with dilute acid.
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What is base hydrolysis?
Reflux Ester with dilute alkai. OH- reacts with ester to form the alcohol leaving the carboxylate ion.
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What are animal fats and vegetable oil esters of?
Glycerol and Fatty Acids (Long change Carboxylic acid)
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Difference between Fats and oils?
Fats mainly have saturated hydrocarbon chains whereas oils have unsaturated hydrocarbons chains so they have double bonds so dont fit together well so lower london forces so lower melting point than fats so fats are solid at room temp.
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How to hydrolys fats and oils?
Heat with NaOH (base) to form sodium salt (Na+ and carboxylate ion)((SOAP))
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How to make a biodiesel?
React oil with methanol with a strong alkali catalyst and you get gycerol and a biodiesel (methyl ester with longchain fatty acids
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What always happens in Acyl chloride reactions?
Cl is always substituted by oxygen or nitrogen groups and mistry fumes of HCL are given off.
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Reaction of water and acyl chloride?
Reacts vigorously with COLD water to form carboxylic acid.
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Reaction of acyl chloride and alcohol?
Reacts vigorously with ROOM Temp Alcohol to form ester
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Why is acyl chloride reaction better than estification?
It is not reversible so it is easier and faster.
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Reaction of acyl chloride and Ammonia?
Produces an AMIDE by reacting with room temp ammonia.
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Reaction of Acyl chloride and primary amine?
Produces N-substituted amide with room temp amine.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

When a substance is split up by water.

Back

What is hydrolysis?

Card 3

Front

Acid + Alcohol

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

CarboxylATE ION + Alcohol

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Reflux Ester with dilute acid.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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