Definitions 0.0 / 5 ? ComputingHardwareGCSEOCR Created by: JennLousieCreated on: 20-04-16 10:22 A main component of the CPU that performs all arithmetic and logical operations Arithmetic and logic unit 1 of 27 The language used by computers Binary 2 of 27 A chip found in most computers that contains all necessary boot instructions Basic input output system 3 of 27 A high speed but expensive memory Cache 4 of 27 Processes all data and executes instructions CPU 5 of 27 The speed at which the CPU completes an instruction Clock speed 6 of 27 A calculation carried out by the ALU that employs relational operators Comparisons 7 of 27 A main component of the CPU that controls the hardware and software devices Control unit 8 of 27 A mini processor within the CPU Core 9 of 27 Commonly used non-volatile computer storage that can be electronically erased and rewritten EEPROM 10 of 27 The cycle by which CPUs process an application Fetch, decode, execute cycle 11 of 27 The common name for EEPROM Flash memory 12 of 27 A prefix for 1 billion Giga 13 of 27 The unit of frequency that measures a CPUs clock speed Hertz 14 of 27 The memory of a computer that holds instructions/data for use by the CPU at an instant Immediate access store 15 of 27 A temporary convenient holding bay that holds information for the control unit Instruction register 16 of 27 An operation carried out by the ALU that uses logic gates Logical operation 17 of 27 The binary language that a CPU uses to carry out calculations and control tasks Machine code 18 of 27 The means by which a CPU organizes its instructions Memory address 19 of 27 The observation that computers are becoming increasingly complex as the number transistors on integrated circuits doubles ~every 2 years Moore's law 20 of 27 Memory that is permanent Non-volatile 21 of 27 An advanced computer that can process multiple calculations at once Quantum computer 22 of 27 A type of computer memory that stores all the information needed for a currently running program RAM 23 of 27 A type of computer memory that holds fundamental information needed to run the BIOS ROM 24 of 27 A component that can be turned on and off to amplify a signal Transistor 25 of 27 Memory on the hard disk that can be temporarily written to if the RAM is full Virtual memory 26 of 27 Memory that is erased when the computer is turned off Volatile 27 of 27
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