Located 32 studies of strange situation, in 8 countries 15 in USA. Results for 1990 children, data was meta-analysed
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Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg findings
Secure most common attachment type. Insecure-resistant least common. Insecure-avoidant most commonly in Germany. Variations of results in countries 150% greater than between countries
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Simonella et al. procedure
Used strange situation for 76 12-month year olds.
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Simonella et al. findings
50% secure, 36% insecure-avoidant. Lower rate of secure found in many studies - possibly due to increasing numbers of mums working long hours and using professional childcare
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Jin et al. procedure
Compared proportions of attachment types in Korea to other studies. 87 children
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Jin et al findings
Proportions of insecure and secure were similar. More resistant than avoidant, similar to results from Japan - Japan and Korea have similar child-rearing styles
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Evaluation - large samples
Large sample size is a strength because they increase internal validity by reducing impact of anomalous results
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Evaluation - samples tend to be unrepresentative of culture
Meta analysis by van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg claimed to study cultural variation, but compared countries. Cultural characteristics and caregiving styles need to be specified
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Evaluation - method of assessment is biased
Strange situation designed by American based on a British theory (Bowlby's). Can this be applied to other cultures. Imposed etic. e.g. lack of seperation anxiety indicates insecure attachment. In Germany seen as independence
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Secure most common attachment type. Insecure-resistant least common. Insecure-avoidant most commonly in Germany. Variations of results in countries 150% greater than between countries
Back
Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg findings
Card 3
Front
Used strange situation for 76 12-month year olds.
Back
Card 4
Front
50% secure, 36% insecure-avoidant. Lower rate of secure found in many studies - possibly due to increasing numbers of mums working long hours and using professional childcare
Back
Card 5
Front
Compared proportions of attachment types in Korea to other studies. 87 children
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