Cultural variations

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AO1
AO3
1 of 8
Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg's research
Compared rates of attachment type in 8 countries

more variation within than between countries
2 of 8
Other studies of cultural variations
Simoneli et al:
italian secure attachment rates dropped 50%, may be due to increased day care

Jin et al:
Korean secure vs insecure attachment rates similar to other studies. But insecure-advoidant similar to japan, could be due to similar child-rearing s
3 of 8
Conclusions
It appears that attachment is innate and universal
and secure attachment is the norm

However cultural practices affect rates of attachment types
4 of 8
Indigenous researchers
e.g. Grossmann et al. (German), reduces bias and miscommunication with participants

counterpoint- not true of all cross-cultural studies
5 of 8
Confounding variables
Apparent cultural differences might have been due to sample characteristics or environmental differences
6 of 8
Imposed etic
Behaviours in the strange situation have different meanings in different cultures

(e.g. low affection = independence in Germany)
7 of 8
Competing explanations
Cross-cultural similarity may be due to innate system or media influences
8 of 8

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg's research

Back

Compared rates of attachment type in 8 countries

more variation within than between countries

Card 3

Front

Other studies of cultural variations

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Conclusions

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Indigenous researchers

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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