Crude oil 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryCrude oil, cracking and hydrocarbonsGCSEEdexcel Created by: miaowgirlCreated on: 10-05-17 10:19 Hydrocarbon A substance containing only hydrogen and carbor 1 of 21 Saturated All the bonds in the molecule are single covalent 2 of 21 General formula for alkanes C(n)H(2n+2) 3 of 21 Alkanes Saturated hydrocarbons 4 of 21 List the alkanes from CH4 to C6H14 Methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane 5 of 21 Homologous series A family of organic compounds which show a trend in physical properties, have similar chemical properties, differ by a CH2 unit 6 of 21 Isomers Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula 7 of 21 Why do large hydrocarbons have higher boiling points? Stronger intermolecular forces of attraction, more energy is needed to overcome these forces 8 of 21 Word equation for complete combustion of hydrocarbons Any hydrocarbon + oxygen --> water + carbon dioxide 9 of 21 Word equation for incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons Any hydrocarbon + oxygen --> water + carbon monoxide 10 of 21 Combustion Reacting with oxygen in an exothermic reaction 11 of 21 Issues of Incomplete combustion Poisonous gas produced, less energy released, soot (carbon) is produced 12 of 21 Volatile Evaporates easily 13 of 21 Viscous Thick liquid 14 of 21 Why are short chained hydrocarbons more useful? More volatile and make better fuels as they burn easier (low boiling points) 15 of 21 Cracking Separating long chain hydrocarbons into shorter chain hydrocarbons 16 of 21 Conditions for cracking High temperature (600-700C), a catalyst (eg aluminium oxide) 17 of 21 Word equation for alkenes C(n)H(2n) 18 of 21 Addition reactions of alkenes two or more reactants join to form a single product 19 of 21 Bromine goes colourless when It reacts with alkenes 20 of 21 Making holoalkanes A hydrogen being replaced by another element - substitution reaction 21 of 21
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