Crime and Personality 3.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? PsychologyUniversityNone Created by: RebeccaCreated on: 09-01-13 14:05 What is the main theory in this area? Eysenck - PEN Model 1 of 26 What does P stand for? Psychoticism 2 of 26 What bodily system is linked to psychoticism? Dopaminergic system 3 of 26 What are the characteristics of psychoticism? Egocentric, impulsive, aggressive and anti-social 4 of 26 What does E stand for? Extraversion 5 of 26 What bodily system is linked to extraversion? Ascending reticular activation system 6 of 26 What are the characteristics of extraversion? Sociable, lively, exciteable and impulsive 7 of 26 What does N stand for? Neuroticism 8 of 26 What bodily system is linked to neuroticism? Limbic system - hypersensitivity of the autonomic nervous system 9 of 26 What are the characteristics of neuroticism? Shy, emotional, axious, depressed, irrational and low self-esteem 10 of 26 What did Eysenck theorise? That criminals would score high on all three personality traits (Psychoticism, Extraversion and Neuroticism) 11 of 26 Who did Raine, Venables and Williams (1995) study? Anti-social adolescents - 3 groups; dessitors, criminals and control 12 of 26 Who was categorised as a desistor? Adolescents who did not partake in criminal activity 13 of 26 Who was categorised as a criminal? Adolescents who committed a criminal offence by the age of 29 14 of 26 Who was the control group made up of? Non anti-social adolescents 15 of 26 What conclusions did Raine, Venables and Williams (1995) come to? The dessistors had better conditioning which meant they avoided criminal activity 16 of 26 What other findings did Raine, Venables and Williams (1995) make? Individuals with High P and E were likely to be long-term recidivists 17 of 26 What did Steiner, Cauffmand and Duxbury (1999) research? It was a longitudinal study looking at personality traits and criminals 18 of 26 What did Steiner, Cauffmand and Duxbury (1999) find? There was no difference in age, race, IQ and family income between violent and non-violent offenders 19 of 26 What else did Steiner, Cauffmand and Duxbury (1999) find? That recidivists were likely to be characterised by low distress and low restraint (High P, Low N) 20 of 26 Who was the final further research carried out by (including the year)? Van Dam, De Bruyn and Janssons (2007) 21 of 26 What did Van Dam, De Bruyn and Janssons (2007) find? There were three different clusters of criminals when looking at personality traits 22 of 26 What characterised the first cluster? Those in cluster one scored high on E but low on P and N 23 of 26 What characterised the second cluster? Those in cluster two scored high and P and N but low on E 24 of 26 What characterised the third cluster? Those in cluster three scored high on P, E and N - very small minority - in line with Eysencks theory 25 of 26 What did Van Dam, De Bruyn and Janssons (2007) struggle to do? They could not differentiate between recidivists and non-recidivists 26 of 26
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