Crime in medieval periods

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  • Created by: Ronel.p
  • Created on: 05-04-18 20:43
What period is medieval england
c1000-c1500
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what a crime
A crime is an activity that breaks a law
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during angelo saxon who made laws
people with power and wealth
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how did crimes follow in angelo saxon
more serious the crime the harsher the punishment
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what are crimes against person and vary them from serious
crimes that cause physical harm to person- assault, public disorder, ****, murder
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what are crimes against property and vary them from serious
crimes where another person property is taken or damaged-petty theft, selling poor quality food, arson
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what are crimes against authority and vary them from serious
crimes that threaten leaders of a country or the country itself, e.g. treason, terrosim (both extremely serious)
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in Angelo Saxon times what were laws based on and then changed by who
local custom but by 1000c angelo saxon king started enforce their power
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By 1066 what happens to kings
power of kings increased dramatically and his authority in making laws also increased -laws Chang quite dramatically
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poaching
hunting wild animals on other peoples land without paying hunting rights
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who other than the king define criminal activity
The church; created laws and influence punishments mainly deciding guilt or innocence
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who introduced the forest law
Willaim I
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why did william introduce forest law
because about 30% of England was covered in forestry which the nobility used for hunting
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how were people allowed to use the forest
people who paid hunting rights
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how did the king help to enforce forest law
hired foresters-
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what crime would be given for approving forest laws
castration,blinding or even hanging
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what happened to village communities and farm after forest law
some were evicted from land causing resentment
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Due to forest law what resulted for reducing amount of common land
many had to choose between the breaking law or going hungry
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why did people hate the forest law(3)
many had been evicted from their homes or farms to make way for the royal forest,(1) punsihment were extremely hars(1)h, before it was legal so irratated ordinary people because;it made the everyday struggle for survavial harder(1)
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what was the forest law seen as to people
unfair
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hundred
an area of land
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whats the murdum fine
if an Angelo-Saxon murdered a Norman and the culprit was not caught, a large sum of money had to be paid by the hundred
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why did the Normans introduce the murdum fine
The normans were especially concerned about the danger of rebelions; mainly to stop the revenge murder that took place after the Norman invasion
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example of how the ruling classes can make laws to benefit themselves
murdering a normam became a more serious crime then murdering an Angelo saxon
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Angelo saxon law enforcement
Tiuthings/ Hue and cry/ courts/ oatghs/ deciding innocence or guilt
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What angelo saxon law enforcement was kept in norman law enfprcemt
tithings, hue and cry and court system
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What was a change from angelo to norman law enforement
Trial by combat and foresters
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what changed from normal to later medieval law enforcement
Parish constabes were appointed to help keep the peace, arrest criminals and chase after the hue and cry/ knights were appointed to help keep the peace, which envolved into jps who acted as judges in small courts / trail ordeal and combat abolished
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retribution
making a criminal suffer for the crime commited
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deterrence
trying to prevent others or the criminals from carrying out crime
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corporal punishment
physically hurting a criminal
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capital punishment
killing the criminal
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types of punishment in medieval
fines, stocks(humiliation) maiming(corporal) flogging(corporal) hanging(capital) beheading(capital)
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wergild
well detailed system of fines link to the victim position in society
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hereshy
holding a beleif opposed to specifiedd religion
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what struck in the middle ages
Black death
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what did black death cause
killed thousands of people
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what happened as a result of the black death
there were fewer workers so peasents demand higher wages and also a lot of vagrants begging for work and money
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What happened to fix the effect of the black death
in order to stop this the wealtheir introduced the statue of labourers which maximum wage and made it a crime( vagrant was illegal)
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overview of medieval angelo saxon times
fines and compnesation was the most common. They used a system called wergild to do this. Corporal punsihment were fairly common however capital punishment was rare
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overview of medieval normon times
capital and corporal punishment rose dramatically- more offences became capital/ breaking forest law was punsihed harshley/ the wergild system ended and fines were paid to the king / minor crimes were punished by fines, whipping and time in stocks
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overview of later medieval
capital punishment gradually decreased although crimes against authority were hashley punished/ fines became more common
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what did medieval punishment depend on
class and gender e.g commoners were treated differently to nobles and women were treated differently to men
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what did wergild depend on
socail status
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similarities of saxon, normon and later medievalpunsihment
all used corporal and capital punishment/ all used fines/ all punsihed diffeently depending on social class, gender/ tha imes of the punsihmentwere the same(redtribution and deterrence)
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how did the church gain greater power
under william 1 as they had there own court
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what was the church court used for
to tackle the issue of moral crimes and people not following the rules of the church
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benefit of the clergy
church courts also tried members of the clergy for all crimes
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how did people prove their rights
by reading a paasge from the bible- priest were some of few members of society who could read
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how to criminals cheat to claim benefit of the clergy
memorised the passage
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what difference was church and other courts
churh courts would often give out more lenient punishments, they rarely used capital punishment because wanted to give people the chance to reform
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sanctuary
if a criminal goes into a church then they cannot be arrested whilst i the church for up to 40 days. They usually try to flee the country to not face punishment
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what did the priest do after a person claim sancturary
report the crime but no one was allowed to arrest the accused
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what was the accused choices after anctuarary
the accused could either aree to go court or swear on oath agreeing to leave the country
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what happens if the accused failed to leave within 40 days
they would be outlawed( have no rights)
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why was sancturary and benefit of the clergy significant
they showed how the church operated an alternative justice system outside the control of other authorities
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what a crime

Back

A crime is an activity that breaks a law

Card 3

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during angelo saxon who made laws

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

how did crimes follow in angelo saxon

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what are crimes against person and vary them from serious

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