What percentage of British news did Williams and Dickinson (1993) find dedicated to crime?
30%
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What kind of image did the news give of crime, criminals and policing?
A distorted one
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In what ways is this done?
Overrepresentation of violent and sexual crimes, age fallacy, exaggeration of police success, exaggeration of risk to victims, underreporting of underlying causes of crime, dramatic fallacy
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What is age fallacy and dramatic fallacy?
An incorrect representation of age and excitement of crime
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What do Cohen and Young (1973) note about the news?
It is a social construction. It is not discovered but munfactured
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How is this done?
Through a process whereby some potential stories are selected while others are rejected
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What are news values?
The criteria that journalists use in order to decide whether a story is newsworthy enough to make it to print
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What are these values?
Immediacy, dramatisation, personalisation, higher-status persons, simplification, novelty or unexpectedness, risk and violence
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What other sources of media are important to crime representations?
TV, flm and novels
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What did Mandel (1984) estimate happened between 1945 and 1984
Over 10 billion crime thrillers were sold online
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How much of prime time tv and how much film is dedicated to crime?
25% and 20%
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These follow Surrette's (1998) law of opposites. What does this mean?
The representation of crime reflects the opposite of the truth of crime statistics
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How has this changed with recent trends?
"Reality shows" feature young, non-white offenders, police are frequently depicted as corrupt, victims are the central focus
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Media may have an effect on attitudes, values and behaviours. What kind of people does it usually influence the most?
Young people, poorly educated people, unemployed
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Give some reasons why media may encourage crime and deviance
What have studies often shown about media influence on crime?
Exposure to media violence has at most a small negative effect on audiences
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What do Schlesinger and Tumber (1992) argue that media does in terms of fear of crime?
Tabloid readers and heavy users of TV expressed greater fear of going out at night and of becoming a victim
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What do left realists Lea and Young (1996) argue that media does?
Increase feelings of relative deprivation among marginalised groups
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How does it do this?
By presenting everyone with images of a materialistic 'good life'
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What is a moral panic?
An exaggerated and irrational over-reaction by society to a perceived problem, where the reaction enlarges the problem out of all proportion
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Give some examples
Mods and Rockers (Cohen), Black Mugging in the 1970s (Hall et al)
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What do functionalists think about moral panics?
They are ways of responding to the sense of anomie created by change. The media raise the collective consciousness and reassert social controls when central values are threatened
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What do Neo-marxists think about moral panics?
Moral panics can distract from other problems within society associated with capitalism
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How do Thomas and Loader (2000) define cyber crime?
A computer-mediated activity that is either illegal or considered illicit, and are conducted through global electronic networks
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What does Jewkes (2003) note?
The internet creates new opportunities to commit both conventional and new crimes
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Why is it hard to police cybercrime?
Because of the large scale of the internet and because this kind of crime is global and falls under many durisdictions
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What does ICT provide that advances policing?
Greater opportunity for surveillance and control i.e. PREVENT
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What kind of image did the news give of crime, criminals and policing?
Back
A distorted one
Card 3
Front
In what ways is this done?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is age fallacy and dramatic fallacy?
Back
Card 5
Front
What do Cohen and Young (1973) note about the news?
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