Crime and Punishment Early Modern Britain

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What were the four causes of crime in Early Modern England?
Poverty, Religious Change, Political Change and Increased Population
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How did poverty cause crime in Early Modern England?
Food Prices-Bad harvest meant High Prices meant poor couldn't afford meant theft. Henry 7 stopped barron's from having armies-soldiers jobless. Henry 8 broke away from church-no poor aid
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How did Religious Change cause crime in Early Modern England?
English Reformation-Henry 8 breaking away from church, if you practised other religion it was seen as crime. Rise of Puritanism-practising Puritanism was a crime.
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How did Political Change cause crime in Early Modern England?
The English Civil War-caused Treason, Rebellions, etc. Rise of Powerful Landowner Class.
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How did Increased Population cause crime in Early Modern England?
Increase of beggar who would use methods of crime to earn money, gambling scams, robbing, stealing horses etc.
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How did Elizabeth the 1st treat the poor?
Elizabeth put in place the 1601 poor law where local taxes were collected, known as the ‘poor rate’ and this money was used to help the problems of poverty in the local community.
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How did Henry the 7th treat the poor?
He treated beggars as criminals and would have them put in stocks or the pillory if caught begging.
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How did Henry the 8th treat the poor?
He was more lenient, he allowed people who he believed didn't deserve to be poor have a license, anyone who begged without a license would be whipped
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How did Edward the 6th treat the poor?
He was more stricter than Henry the 8th and if you were caught begging you would be whipped and branded with a V for Vagabond, and if caught again you'd be executed. This was stopped because it was too harsh.
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What was the poor law?
where a community would pay tax and the justice of peace would share that money and give it to poor people depending on their situation.
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What three groups were the poop split up into when the poor rate was split between them?
The impotent poor-They can't work because of their age or illness. The able-bodied poor-Those who couldn't find a job and the money would be used to build place for them to work. Vagabonds/Rogues-Those who can work but choose to beg instead.
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What is a heretic?
A heretic was someone who did not follow the authorised teachings of the Church.
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How were heretics dealt with during Mary's reign?
Burnt protestants! Had 280 people arrested as heretics and had more people executed during her 5-year reign than in the previous 50 years.
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How were heretics dealt with during Elizabeth's reign?
She was lenient and allowed Catholics to practice in England then banned public Catholicism
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How were those of the Gunpowder Plot punished?
They were hung drawn and quartered as a statement that no monarch should be challenged in any way.
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What did Matthew Hopkins tell us about attitudes towards women in these times?
The majority of the victims were women and over 50 years old. This tells us that he didn't have a negative attitude towards women, they were just easy targets and he got paid a lot of money for it
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Who was Matthew Hopkins?
A witch finder general.
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What was a rising religion during the time of witches.
Puritanism.
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How could you spot a witch?
Large moles/warts, elderly women, Familiar-animal of some kind, people who missed church, unintelligible muttering
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What tests were put in place to essentially prove you to be or not to be a witch?
dunking-bound and thrown into a lake float=witch sink=not a witch, Witch mark piecing-hurt=not witch didn't hurt=witch, torture-kept awake and starved until they confess.
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On a whole what punishments were given for vagrancy?
Whipping, slavery, prison, execution
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On a whole what punishments were given for being a witch?
Burnt, Hung
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On a whole what punishments were given for Heretics?
Burnt, Hung
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On a whole what punishments were given for major crimes?
Execution
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On a whole what punishments were given for minor crimes?
Stocks and Mutilation
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How did Edward the 6th treat Heretics?
He had them (Catholics) imprisoned.
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What was the Puritan Law?
Pointless enjoyment was banned-Christmas, Easter, sport, theatre, makeup
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What were the three types of social crimes?
Poaching, highwaymen, smuggling.
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Why was becoming a highway man easy?
Roads between towns not politicised, handguns easier to get, horses cheaper to buy, constables could only operate in their local area, more trade meant more travelling
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What was done to stop highwaymen?
Justice of peace's wouldn't license tavern who harboured highwaymen. Major cities put patrol on roads, people started carrying less with them.
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Who was **** Turpin?
A highwayman known as a gentle robber, This suggests that they performed their criminal acts in a polite and civilised way.
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Why were social crimes popular?
These were crimes committed to affect the rich and powerful. The average person on the street who would have had very little money would have had no love for the powerful and rich.
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Why was smuggling a popular social crime?
hey were not only getting one over on the rich and powerful, but they were also brining goods into the country at more affordable prices for the everyday man
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What was the bloody code?
The bloody code was a code put in place were petty crimes were dealt with by execution.
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What policing was there during this time?
Justice of peaces, constables, watchmen and thief takers.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How did poverty cause crime in Early Modern England?

Back

Food Prices-Bad harvest meant High Prices meant poor couldn't afford meant theft. Henry 7 stopped barron's from having armies-soldiers jobless. Henry 8 broke away from church-no poor aid

Card 3

Front

How did Religious Change cause crime in Early Modern England?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How did Political Change cause crime in Early Modern England?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How did Increased Population cause crime in Early Modern England?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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