Crime and Deviance Terms

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Realism
-Looks at the causes and solutions of crime -Established in the 1970's/80's when New Right conservative government where in power.
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Rational Choice Theory
-Ron Clarke -The decision to commit a crime is a choice. It occurs as the result of a calculation.
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Relative Deprivation
-Lea and Young -The sense of lacking something compared to the group with which people identify and compare themselves.
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Subcultures
-Cloward and Ohlin -A smaller culture held by a group of people within the main culture of a society, in some ways different from the main culture.
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Marginalisation
-Young- The process whereby some people are pushed to the margins or edges of society.
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Formal Social Control Agencies
Operate to prevent crime e.g. Police, judges
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Informal Social Control Agencies
Prevent crimes as a secondary purpose e.g. Parents, teachers
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Dark Figure of crime
Crimes which go unreported for whatever reason e.g. fear of victim blaming, institutionalised racism
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Gender Blind
Only focuses on one gender, normally males
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Male Stream
Topic/ study in question only focuses on males
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White Collar Crime
Crimes committed by the higher class
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Blue Collar Crime
Crimes committed by the lower class
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Globalisation
Giddens- "the interconnectedness of the world"
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Global Risk Consciousness
we now feel that problems and 'risks' are global rather than local.
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Glocal Crime
Crime that involves both local and global influences
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Green Crime
Crime committed towards the environment e.g. Deforestation, polution
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State Crime
Deviance or illegal activity perpetrated by or with the company of state agencies e.g. Mass genocide, tax evasion
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Strain Theory
Merton- People experience frustration when they are prevented from achieving culturally approved goals through institutionalized means.
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Anomie
Durkheim- The erosion of norms and values within society.
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Boundary Maintenance
Durkheim-Crime unites its members in condemnation of wrongdoers and reinforcing their commitments to the shared norms and values.
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Safety Valve
Davis used prostitution as an example as it acts as a safety valve for the release of mean's sexual frustrations without threatening the monogamous nuclear family.
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Warning Device
Cohen-Crime tells us that somethings needs to be done to make sure society is functioning properly.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

-Ron Clarke -The decision to commit a crime is a choice. It occurs as the result of a calculation.

Back

Rational Choice Theory

Card 3

Front

-Lea and Young -The sense of lacking something compared to the group with which people identify and compare themselves.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

-Cloward and Ohlin -A smaller culture held by a group of people within the main culture of a society, in some ways different from the main culture.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

-Young- The process whereby some people are pushed to the margins or edges of society.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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