Creating an Act of Parliament

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Where do ideas for new acts of parliament come from?
Manifestos made when campaigning
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What is a Manifesto
A promise to change a current law if they get into power
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Give an example of a manifesto from 2017
Labour pledged to end tuition fees.
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What is the first stage of creating a Bill?
The Green Paper (a proposal)
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What is a Green Paper? and is it mandatory?
It is the draft proposal and it is not mandatory
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What is the aim of a Green Paper?
To get feedback on the proposal in and out of parliament
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What is the Consultation Process?
This is the span of time from the publishing of a Green Paper until all discussion is finished
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What is the second stage in creating a Bill?
The White Paper.
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What is a White Paper?
A paper stating a more definite intention of the government
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What else may a White Paper include?
A draft version of the Bill being Planned.
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What does this provide the basis for?
Further Consideration
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What are the 4 types of bills?
1. Public Bill. 2. Private Bill. 3. Hybrid Bill. 4. Private Members Bill
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Who does a Public Bill effect?
The General Population
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Generally who proposes these Bills?
Government Ministers
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Give an Example of a Publlic Bill..
Cohabitation Rights 2017-2019: Provides protection to people who live together in regards to property when one of them dies.
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Who does a Private Bill effect?
Only Specific Individuals and organisations, NOT the general population
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Generally who introduces Private Bills?
Local Authorities
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Give an Example of a Private Bill..
Leeds City Council Act 2013: Allows council officers or police to regulate the services offered on the street by siezing goods.
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Who does a Hybrid Bill effect:
The general population but have a bigger impact on a specific group of people
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Give an example of a Hybrid Bill..
HS2: A High Speed rail network connecting the midlands with london, affected general population as it cost a lot of money and anyone could use it however more specifically those living in the areas it was going through
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Who does a Private Members Bill effect?
It is a public bill so the General Population
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Who introduces a Private Members Bill?
MP's and Lords that are not Government Ministers.
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What is their purpose and do they succeed?
To change the law, they generally always Fail.
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Give an Example of a Private Members Bill..
labour MP tried to introduce a law that parliament must approve the Governor of the Bank of England, It Failed.
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What are the 3 ways bills can be introduced into parliament?
1. The Subject Matter. 2. The Originator. 3. Purpose
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What 3 Bills are introduced by Subject Matter?
1. Public Bills. 2. Private Bills 3. Hyrbid Bills.
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What 2 Bills are introduced by originator?
A Government Bill and a Private Members Bill
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What is different with a government bill?
The Government Bill is introduced in the Queen's Speach.
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What Bill is introduced by Purpose and give an example
Law Reform Bills; Eg The Offences against a person act 1861
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Where do Bills commence?
Either in HOC or HOL: no relevance in which as it is the WHIPS job t oget as many Acts through in a year so they start the process in both
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What are the 5 stages of a Bill becoming an Act of Parliament?
1. First stage. 2. Second Stage. 3. Committee Stage 4. Report Stage. 5. Third Reading
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What happens in the First Stage?
Bill is presented to parliament: This is a formality and there is NO debate.
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What happens in the Second Stage?
Explains the purpose of the Bill, 1st chance for debate, a vote is taken to decide if it goes onto the next stage.
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When does the Second Stage happen?
No sooner than 2 weeks after the 1st Stage
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What happens in the Committee stage?
Each clause is examined by 16-50 MP's from all parties, here they can ammend or delete clauses and take evidence from experts
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When does the Committee stage take place and who sponsors it?
Within 2 weeks of the 2nd stage and at least 1 gov minister
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What happens in the Report Stage?
Formally reported back to house to discuss ammendments.
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What happens in the Third Reading?
It is reviewed in its final format and there is further discussion however ammendments cannot take place.
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What happens after the 5 stages are completed?
The bill moves to the House of Lords
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What happens in the house of lords once the Bill is passed to them?
They go through the exact same stages that the bill went through in the House of Commons
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What happens if the HOL wants to make any ammendments?
HOC has to consider them however they can reject them, but can suggest alternative ammendments.
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What is a Speakers Certificate?
Where a speaker states a bill or part of it only affects England and Wales
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What changes if a Bill only affects England and Wales?
The Process may change and the bill will be considered by a Legislative Grand Commitee
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What is a Legislative Grand Committee?
A committee made up of only English and Welsh MP's who must consent to an England and Wales only Bill before it passes to the next stage.
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What happens if the Legislative Grand Committee does not consent to a bill?
They can make further ammendments and take a further vote on the bill
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What is Royal Assent and what does it mean for the bill?
A formal signature by the Queen, this means she has authorised the bill and it will officially become law and given a commencement date.
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What act limits the House of Lords being able to block HOC approved Bills?
Parliament Act 1911 ammended by Parliament Act 1949
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What does the S1 Parliament Act allow?
The HOC to pass finance bills one month after the HOL have failed to approve it
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In what other circumstance can the HOC pass a bill without HOL approval?
When a Bill has been through all the stages in the HOC in 2 successive parliamentary sessions, providing at least one year has passed since the bill had its second reading approved for the first time.
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How long is a parliamentary year and how many sessions are in each parliament?
12 month year with 5 sessions in each parliament.
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name the first three things an act of parliament should contain (SCC)
1. Short Title. 2. Chapter Number. 3. Contents
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what are the next 3 things an act of parliament should contain? (LDW)
4. Long Title 5. Date of royal assent. 6. Words of enactment
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what are the last two things an act of parliament should contain? (SC)
7. Sections numbers. 8. Commencement
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a Manifesto

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A promise to change a current law if they get into power

Card 3

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Give an example of a manifesto from 2017

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the first stage of creating a Bill?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a Green Paper? and is it mandatory?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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