Gas Exchange Bony Fish

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  • Created by: shyde7
  • Created on: 07-03-16 21:18
What are three problems of gaseous exchange in water?
There is less oxygen, it is very dense and doesn't flow as freely as air.
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Fish are active and so...?
Need a good supply of oxygen.
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The density of the water stops what from happening?
The gills collapsing and lying on top of each other.
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What is the definition of countercurrent flow?
Where two fluids flow in opposite directions.
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How many pairs of gills do bony fish have?
5, covered by the operculum (bony plate).
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What is the definition of the operculum?
A bony flap that covers and protects the gills.
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What does the operculum do?
Acts as a valve and a pump drawing water past the gill filaments (primary lamellae).
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What is the alternative name for gill filaments?
Primary lamellae
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How many gill filaments (primary lamellae) does each gill have?
Two pairs, they are attached to a bony arch.
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Primary lamellae are thin or thick?
Thin, and folded into gill plates.
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What is the alternative name for gill plates?
Secondary lamellae.
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What is the function of secondary lamellae?
To provide a large surface area for gas exchange.
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What are close to the surface of secondary lamellae?
Capillaries, which carry blood for efficient gas exchange.
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Why is the extensive network of capillaries in gills a good thing?
Because it allow for excellent diffusion and amounts of haemoglobin for oxygen carriage.
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What is the first stage in countercurrent flow?
Blood flows along the gill arch and along the filaments (primary lamellae) to the gill plates (secondary lamellae)
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What is the second stage in countercurrent flow?
Blood flows through the capillaries in the opposite direction to the flow of water through the capillaries.
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What is the third stage in countercurrent flow?
The capillaries absorbs the maximum amount of oxygen from the water due to this efficient system.
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How is water kept flowing over the gills?
The buccal-opercular pump.
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The buccal cavity can change ...?
Volume.
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Describe the action of the floor of the buccal cavity (mouth) in ventilation in bony fish.
The floor of the mouth moves downwards, moving water in.
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At the same time as the floor of the buccal cavity moves, what happens to the operculum?
The operculum closes and pressure inside the operculuar cavity increases.
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Describe the action of the floor of the buccal cavity and its consequences when the buccal cavity closes.
The buccal cavity closes and the floor is raised which pushes the water through the gills. This water moves over the secondary lamellae where the blood in capillaries is flowing in the opposite direction.
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What happens once water has been pushed from the buccal cavity?
The operculum moves outwards to reduce pressure in the opercular cavity, helping the water to flow through the gills.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Fish are active and so...?

Back

Need a good supply of oxygen.

Card 3

Front

The density of the water stops what from happening?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the definition of countercurrent flow?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How many pairs of gills do bony fish have?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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