The world or universe as a perfect and well ordered system
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Define: A posteriori
An argument based on the idea that things can be proved based on experience/observing.
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Define: The God of Classical Theism
God that is eternal and seperate from the universe. He created universe and he is omnipotent, omniscient and omnibenevolent
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Define: Necessary Existence
God exsists outside of space and time but is able to act and create within it. If God didnt exist like this we wouldnt exist - its to not have failed to exist
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Define: Efficent Cause
A cause that is capable of performing an action and bringing about the desired effect
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Define: Final Cause
The reason fro something to be brought about
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Define: Teleology
The philosophical explanation of phenomena by the purpose they serve, rather than the causes believed to be behind them
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Define: Supremely Perfect
To have all the perfections
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Define: Infinity
Eternity, time without end
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Define: Potentiality
The inherent but undeveloped capabilities and possibilities of someone or something for development or change
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Define: Actuality
A state of being, the reality of something at this moment in time
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Define: Sufficient Reason
An adequate reason that explains the cause of an event, in this case the origin of the universe
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Define: Contingency
An event of condition that depends on something else, which may or may not happen. Things do not contain the reason for their own existence they depend on external causes
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Define: Ontological
Ontology is the branch of metaphysics dealing with the nature of people
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Define: Temporal
Relates to worldly rather than spiritual matters
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Define: Induction
A method of reasoning where a conclusion is reached by linking observation of causes and effects
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Define: Philosophical Logic
The study of the more specifically philosophical aspects of logic
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Define: Fallacy of Composition
The error that concludes that since the parts have a certain property, the whole likewise has that property
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Define: Creationism
The belief that the universe and living organisms originate from specific acts of divine creation (biblical version)
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Define: Big Bang
Scientific theory to explain the origin of the universe. When a single condensed state of matter exploded.
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Define: Kalam
Arabic term which means to 'argue' or 'discuss'. The kalam argument is cosmological becasue it seeks to prove that God was first cause
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Define: Actual Infinite
Refers to sets or collections of things with an infinite number of members. Not growing, already infinite. Whether you add or subtract from infinite number its still infinite
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Define: Potential Infinite
Exists if its always possible to add one more to a series of things or events. E.g. the future will awlays be added to
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Define: Ex nihilo
Derived from latin. Meaning 'out of nothing'
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Define: Natural Theology
Knowledge of God which is obtained by reason alone, without the aid of revelation
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Define: Fideism
The idea that religious beliefs cannot be justified by rational means, only through faith
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
An argument based on the idea that things can be proved based on experience/observing.
Back
Define: A posteriori
Card 3
Front
God that is eternal and seperate from the universe. He created universe and he is omnipotent, omniscient and omnibenevolent
Back
Card 4
Front
God exsists outside of space and time but is able to act and create within it. If God didnt exist like this we wouldnt exist - its to not have failed to exist
Back
Card 5
Front
A cause that is capable of performing an action and bringing about the desired effect
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