Cosmological Argument 0.0 / 5 ? Religious StudiesPhilosophyTraditional arguments for the existence of GodASOCR Created by: theblazingoptimistCreated on: 29-03-16 14:02 What was the name of the book in which Thomas Aquinas put forward the cosmological argument? Summa Theologica 1 of 29 What is Aquinas' first way? Argument from Motion 2 of 29 What is the first step of the argument from motion? There can't be infinite regression of things changing other things (e.g dominoes) 3 of 29 What is the second step of the argument from motion? Therefore there must be a First Cause/Unmoved Mover 4 of 29 What is the third step of the argument from motion? This = God. 5 of 29 What is Aquinas' second way? Argument from Causation 6 of 29 What is the first step of the argument from causation? Everything in the world has a cause. 7 of 29 What is the second step of the argument from causation? Nothing causes itself 8 of 29 What is the third step of the argument from causation? Infinite regress → no First Cause, must be impossible 9 of 29 What is the fourth step of the argument from causation? Therefore there must be a first Cause which is God. 10 of 29 What is Aquinas' third way? Argument from Contingency 11 of 29 What is the first step of the argument from contingency? Contigent beings exist 12 of 29 What is the second step of the argument from contingency? A necessary being must've brought these things into existence 13 of 29 What is the third step of the argument from contingency? This = God 14 of 29 What did Immanuel Kant think about causality? Comes from way we perceive surroundings; world order imposed 15 of 29 What year was the Copleston/Russell radio debate? 1948 16 of 29 What is the first step of Copleston's argument? Nothing in world contains reason for own existence; something outside universe must do this 17 of 29 What is the second step of Copleston's argument? Explanation for world = external to world. 18 of 29 What is the third step of Copleston's argument? Explanation for world = being containing w/i itself reasons for own existence 19 of 29 What principle did Bertrand Russell neglect, and what he call the universe as part of this? Leibniz’ principle of sufficient reason, "the universe is just there, and that's all." 20 of 29 What did Russell believe about the notion of neccesary beings? Only applicable to statements of definition (e.g "all bachelors are unmarried men") 21 of 29 Give one way that David Hume challenged the cosmological argument No need for universe to have a definite beginning 22 of 29 Which two thinkers originated the Kalam cosmological argument? al-Kindi + al-Ghazali 23 of 29 What is the first step of the Kalam argument? Everything that begins to exist must have a cause to do this 24 of 29 What is the second step of the Kalam argument? Universe must have a cause - must’ve been a time when it began to exist 25 of 29 What is the third step of the Kalam argument? If this is so, cause = God. 26 of 29 What is the fourth step of the Kalam argument? Therefore, God exists. 27 of 29 Give a criticism of the Kalam argument. Misunderstands nature of infinity: has to exist in reality, even if not imaginable. 28 of 29 What is Leibniz's principle of sufficient reason? Everything must have a reason/cause, even if we don't know what that is. 29 of 29
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