core studies

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what is the back ground to milgrams study ?
After the holocaust made people think that Germans were different but Milgram thought that we all would kill if put under an authority figure.
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what was his dispositional hypothesis?
Germans are different characteristics determine this.
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what was his situational hypothesis ?
That everybody would kill if put under a certain situation.
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what was the aim of this study ?
To test the levels of obedience when put under an authority figure and to test the “Germans are different theory”
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Outline the method of this study.
It was a lab experiment.
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outline the sample for the study .
• 40 men, aged 20 – 50 paid $4.50 all from the new haven area. All volunteered to take part.
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name the 4 prods used by experimenters in the study.
*prod 1: please continue . *prod 2: the experiment requires that you continue.*prod 3:its absolutely essential that you continue.*prod 4:you have no choice you must continue.
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how were the participants convinced to take part?
They went into the room one at a time and were told a suitable cover story .They then had to pick a piece of paper at "random"to decide who would be the teacher and who would be the learner . the experimenter / actor would always be the learner.
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what were participants told if they asked if the shocks were painful and how were they convinced?
‘there will be no permanent damage’. They were then given a sample shock.
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outline findings from the experimenter?
• During many participants showed extreme nervousness upon administering the powerful shocks one person had a seizure so violent the study had to be stopped.
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outline findings from the experiment?
• Out of the 40 participants who took part 26 administered the lethal 450 volts.
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quantitative findings
• At 300 volts – 5 refused. • At 315 volts – 4 refused • At 330 volts – 2 refused• At 345, 360 and 375 – 1 refused. all these results supports the situational hypothesis.
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what did migram say the reasons were for the participants obeying?
Participants volunteered for the study so may have felt obligated. The study took place in yale university , a prestigous place. 8. Participants was under the impression that there would be no permanent damage. roles were assigned by chance.
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strengths
• Highly controlled observation. All the relevant variables were kept controlled. Otherwise you wouldn’t be able to identify cause / factors. Also • Mundane Realism: Milgram used a shock generator to make the experiment seem real. When asked about wh
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weakness'
participants were decived as they were given a cover story , they didnt give informed consent. the right to withdraw wasnt clear to participants and some were harmed. all these break ethical guidlines.
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weaknesses
lacks ecological validity as it was done in an artifical setting. the fact that there was no women in the study and all the men lived in the same area makes it un-genralisable.demand characteristics may come into play.
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conclusion
Individuals relinquish their personal views and act in agent of somebody else’s view under a malevolent authority good people will do bad things. “Germans are different” was disproved.
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Card 2

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what was his dispositional hypothesis?

Back

Germans are different characteristics determine this.

Card 3

Front

what was his situational hypothesis ?

Back

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Card 4

Front

what was the aim of this study ?

Back

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Card 5

Front

Outline the method of this study.

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