Coordination and Neurons 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyNeuronal CommunicationA2/A-levelOCR Created by: TaraCBeckworthCreated on: 08-01-17 19:58 What is coordination? The arrangement of the functions of different cells and systems in order to operate bodily functions effectively 1 of 11 What is cell signalling? The communication between cells, occurring when one cell releases a chemical which has an effect on the target cell/cells 2 of 11 Name the 2 ways cells can send messages in relation to distance 1) locally- by using neurones, 2) Over a large distance- by using hormones 3 of 11 What is the role of a neurone? To transmit electrically impulses around the body so the body can respond to changes in internal and external environment 4 of 11 Cell body of a neurone Nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm with lots of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (for production of neurotransmitters) 5 of 11 Dendrons Short extensions from cell body, splitting off into shorter projections called dendrites, these receive the message and carry it towards the cell body 6 of 11 Axon Singular elongated nerve fibres which carry the message away from the cell body to the axon terminal 7 of 11 Axon terminal Where the message is then sent into the synapse to the neighbouring neurone 8 of 11 Myelinated sheath Many layers of plasma membrane (made by Schwann cells) which insulate the axon, myelinated neurones conduct the electrical impulse at a faster speed 9 of 11 Schwann cells Specialised cells which produce the layers of plasma membranes around the axon to insulate it 10 of 11 Name the 3 types of neurone Sensory, relay and motor 11 of 11
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