Controlled and automatic processing in selective attention and cocktail party problem 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyMemoryUniversityNone Created by: JessToLetYouKnowCreated on: 03-06-16 17:57 What is the cocktail party problem? Having all attention on one stimulus and then having it diverted by hearing your name across the room. 1 of 40 What is controlled processing? Processing that requires attentional control and uses Working Memory capacity 2 of 40 What does controlled processing facilitate? Long term learning 3 of 40 What is automatic processing? Once learned operates independently and uses no Working Memory resources or attention 4 of 40 Who proposed the information processing theory and what year? Broadbent (1958) 5 of 40 What is the concept of this theory based on? The analogy that human processing has limited capacity 6 of 40 What does the theory comprise of? That an information machine must be able to do: registration, encoding, storage, retrieval, recoding and output 7 of 40 What is the stage analysis strategy? Input is processed and recoded to make output, which then becomes the input for the next stage 8 of 40 Who proposed the information processing model and which year? Atkinson and Shiffrin, 1968 9 of 40 What is the process? Encoding and recoding, storage and retrieval 10 of 40 What does the buffer store do? Holds for short amount of time 11 of 40 What does the short-term store do? Processing 12 of 40 What does the long term store do? Leads to retrieval 13 of 40 What is a criticism of this? It is outdated and separate stores have been more or less disproved 14 of 40 Who studied air traffic controllers and what year was the study? Cherry, 1953 15 of 40 What do air traffic controllers have to do? Pick out one message from many 16 of 40 Air traffic controllers can pick out messages based on .... but not... cues Physical, semantic 17 of 40 What did Broadbent use in his split span study and what did it entail? Dichotic listening and different numbers in each ear 18 of 40 What did they find? Processing can only time share and not listen to both at once 19 of 40 Which year was Broadbent's split span study? 1954 20 of 40 Who studied audio typists and which year? Spelke, Hirst and Neisser, 1976 21 of 40 What did they ask ppts. to do? Audio type and read book passage 22 of 40 What did they find at first Performance was very poor 23 of 40 After how many hours of practice did performance improve to a level where both was automatic 3000 hours 24 of 40 Who did a variation on the Sternberg task and which year? Neisser, 1967 25 of 40 What was the method? Cross out occurrences of specified digits 26 of 40 What happened when only letters were used? There was a mean increase of time with more letters? 27 of 40 What happened when numbers were on a background of letters? No increase in time with increase of numbers 28 of 40 What does this mean? Infinite scanning speed capacity 29 of 40 What system has an involvement with controlled processing? Anterior Attentional System 30 of 40 Who suggested this? Posner and Peterson (1990) 31 of 40 What is its involvement with controlled processing? Involvement of AAS decreases as processes become more automatic 32 of 40 What did sternberg's task measure? Capacity 33 of 40 What year was it? 1966 34 of 40 What did it involve? Exhaustive scanning of each item in positive set 35 of 40 How long did it take per item 38ms 36 of 40 When was it slower? When stimuli was more complex 37 of 40 What is the Yerkes-Dodson law? Too much arousal (stress) leads to poorer performance 38 of 40 When the task is harder what happens to the optimal level of arousal? Gets lower 39 of 40 How can this be combatted? Overtraining and relaxation 40 of 40
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