conformity

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  • Created by: elliesp
  • Created on: 21-11-16 20:16
what is conformity?
changing your attitude or opinion in order to fit in with others.
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why might people conform?
informative influence, minority influence, normative influence
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what is normative influence?
when you conform to fit social norms/ expectations.
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what is informative influence?
when you conform because you are afraid of appearing unintelligent...you believe others know better.
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what is minority influence?
when the minority group changes the majorities opinions to accept the minority belief.
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what supporting cases of conformity?
Moscovici, Asch, Zimbardo.
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what happened in the moscovici study?
female pps in 32 groups of 6. groups had 4 pps & 2 confeds. Pps told was a perception study. Pps showed 36 blue slides, w/ intensifying shade. Consistent condition = confeds said all green (8.2% agree). Inconsistent = 24 green, 12 blue (1.25% agree)
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what are the disadvs of the moscovici study?
lack generalisability as only uses girls, unethical as pps unaware of true aims of experiment, lacks ecological validity as it doesn't reflect a real life situation.
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what happened in Asch's study?
male usa student pps. Told was visual perception study. Pps match a line w/ choice of 3 comparison lines (1 equal & others clearly not). Confeds started giving correct answers & then made mistakes. (32.8% conform) (75% conformed to atleast 1 answer)
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what are the disadvs of asch's study?
lacks generalisability as all male american students, unethical as pps unaware of true aims of study, lacks ecological validity as doesn't reflect real life situation
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what are the advs of asch's study?
no demand characteristics as they weren't aware of the aim of the study so arent likely to conform for artificial reasons.
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what happened in the zimbardo study?
24 male student pps randomly assigned to prisoner or guard role. prisoners arrested & called only by number, guards wore glasses, uniform and told to treat the prisoners as they wish (except violence). Pps conformed to roles & began to think it real.
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disadvs of zimbardo study?
lacks validity as pps may have suffered demand characteristics as they knew the environment was simulated, lacks ecological validity as it wasn't a real prison, unethical as pps not protected from psychological harm (1 pps left).
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advs of zimbardo study?
ecological validity as prisoners were arrested in their own homes, high in internal stability as emotional stability was checked & roles randomly assigned so actions were pressure of situation not individual personality differences.
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what is obedience?
obedience is compliance with an order made by an authoritative figure.
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why do people obey?
agentic state - people find it easier to reject responsibility when they were ordered to do something by another.
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studies that support obedience?
milgram, hofling et al
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what is a locus of control?
makes a person more able to resist social influences because they have more self confidence
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what is an internal locus of control?
blames the result of situations on themselves
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what is an external locus of control?
blames the result on external factors.
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what happened in milgram's study?
teachers ordered (by an experimenter) to electric shock learners (up to 450v) whenever they answered a question wrong. In the 1st variation the teacher & learner different rooms, 2nd same room (1st = 60% obedience, 2nd = 40% obedience). all male pps.
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disadvs of milgram's study?
lacks of ecological validity as isn't an everyday task, lacks generalisability as all male pps, demand characteristics as self selected sample (newspaper ad so may have a certain personality)
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what happened in hofling et al?
22 nurses ordered by a doctor over the phone to give a patient an overdose of medicine, 95% obeyed the order.
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disadvs of hofling et al?
lacks generalisability as obedience only tested on nurses, high in validity as it was a field experiment in hospitals where pps were working at the time, so high in ecological validity. Nurses unaware of experiment.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

why might people conform?

Back

informative influence, minority influence, normative influence

Card 3

Front

what is normative influence?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is informative influence?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is minority influence?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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