Computing Topic 3-Data Representation 4.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? ComputingDatabasesA2/A-levelAQA Created by: Chloe200Created on: 02-01-18 17:08 Natural Number A positive whole number including zero 1 of 29 Rational Number Any number can be expressed as a fraction or ratio of integers 2 of 29 Irrational Number Any number that can't be expressed as a fraction or ratio 3 of 29 Real Number Any positive or negative number with or without a fractional part 4 of 29 Ordinal Number A number used to identify position relative to other numbers 5 of 29 Bit A single binary digit, either zero or one 6 of 29 Byte A group of 8 bits, used to represent a single character 7 of 29 Unsigned Binary Binary numbers that represents positive numbers only 8 of 29 Two's Complement A system for representing negative number 9 of 29 Hexadecimal A number system that uses base 16-numbers 0 to 9 and letters A to F 10 of 29 Character Code A binary representation of a particular character (letter, number, punctuation or special character) 11 of 29 ASCII A standard 7 or 8 bit binary coding system for characters and numbers 12 of 29 Unicode A standard 32-bit binary coding system that superseded ASCII 13 of 29 Parity Bit A method of checking binary codes by counting the 1s and 0s in the code 14 of 29 Majority Voting A method of checking for errors by producing the same data several times and checking it is the same each time 15 of 29 Check Digit A digit added to the end of binary data to check the data is accurate 16 of 29 Bit-mapped graphic An image made up of individual pixels 17 of 29 Pixel An individual pixel element 18 of 29 Resolution Number of pixels per cm/inch. Density of pixels 19 of 29 Colour Depth The number of bits or bytes allocated to represent colour of a pixel 20 of 29 Compression The process of reducing the number of bits required to represent data 21 of 29 Run-length encoding A method of compression by eliminating repeated data 22 of 29 Encryption The process of turning plaintext into scrambled ciphertext, which can only be understood if it is decrypted 23 of 29 Decryption The process of deciphering encrypted data 24 of 29 Plaintext Data in human-readable form 25 of 29 Ciphertext Data that has been encrypted 26 of 29 Caesar Cipher A substitution cipher where one character of plaintext is substituted for another 27 of 29 Vernam Cipher A mthod of of encryption that uses a key to create ciphertext that is mathematically impossible to decrpyt without the key 28 of 29 One-time pad A key that is used only once to encrypt and decrypt a message and is then discarded 29 of 29
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