Computer Science OCR 9-1 // The CPU and System Performance 0.0 / 5 ? ICTComponents of a Computer SystemGCSEOCR Created by: JyroCreated on: 09-12-18 11:09 What does CPU stand for? Central Processing Unit 1 of 18 What is the main purpose of the CPU? It processes all of the data and instructions that make a computer system work 2 of 18 What is the purpose of the Control Unit? (CU) To execute program instructions by following the fetch-decode-execute cycle 3 of 18 What is the purpose of the Arithmetic Logic Unit? (ALU) Carries out arithmetic and logical operations within the CPU. It also contains the Accumulator (CPU Register) 4 of 18 What is the purpose of Cache? Stores regularly used data so that the CPU can access it quickly the next time it is needed 5 of 18 What is the Von Neumann Architecture? A system design where the CPU runs programs stored in memory. Programs consist of instructions and data which are stored in memory addresses 6 of 18 What is the function of the Program Counter? (PC) (CPU Register) Holds the memory address of the next instruction to be executed 7 of 18 What is the function of the Accumulator? (CPU Register) Where intermediate arithmetic and logic results are stored (from the ALU) 8 of 18 What is the function of the Memory Address Register? (MAR) (CPU Register) Holds the memory address of the current instruction, and the data that it uses 9 of 18 What is the function of the Memory Data Register? (MDR) (CPU Register) Holds the actual instruction or data. This may have been fetched from memory, or be waiting to be written to memory 10 of 18 Explain the 'Fetch' in the Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle Copy the memory address from the program counter to the MAR. Copy the instruction stored in the MAR address to the MDR 11 of 18 Explain the 'Decode' in the Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle The instruction in the MDR is decoded by the CU. The CU may then prepare for the next step 12 of 18 Explain the 'Execute' in the Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle The instruction is performed (executed) 13 of 18 How does a higher clock speed affect CPU Performance? A greater number of instructions can be carried per second 14 of 18 How does a greater number of cores affect CPU Performance? More instructions can be carried out at once, so it can process a batch of data faster 15 of 18 How does a larger cache size affect CPU Performance? Gives the CPU faster access to more data it needs to process 16 of 18 How does more RAM affect System Performance? More applications or more memory-intensive applications can smoothly run, making system performance faster overall 17 of 18 How does a better GPU affect CPU Performance? GPUs help CPUs process images. A beter GPU means that it is easier for a CPU to process an image 18 of 18
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