Computer science

?
clock speed
The clock speed describes how fast the CPU can run. This is measured in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz) and shows how many fetch-execute cycles the CPU can deal with in a second. A 2 GHz CPU can perform two billion cycles a second.
1 of 25
ALU
the ALU carries out calculations and makes decisions on the data sent to the processor. It can add, subtract, multiply and divide numbers and use logic such as AND, OR and NOT to make decisions.
2 of 25
Control Unit
this controls how data moves through the processor and controls the timing of operations and the instructions sent to the processor and the I/O devices. It uses the Fetch- Execute cycle
3 of 25
busses
Busses are the way in which data is transported around the computer system, connecting all the major components to the CPU and the memory using tiny wires on the motherboard.
4 of 25
fetch
control unit fetches instruction from main memory, instruction stored in that address is copied from memory to one of the registers
5 of 25
decode
decode - control unit then decodes instruction and prepares for the next step
6 of 25
execute
The instruction is executed for example doing a calculation using the ALU
7 of 25
ROM
it is “read only”. The ROM contains all the instructions that are set up by the manufacturer when the chip is created and includes instructions for how to start the computer, load the operating system. non volatile contents not lost when switched off
8 of 25
RAM
RAM is known as volatile memory which means when the power is switched off it is lost and cannot be retrieved. For this reason, RAM is sometimes known as temporary memory. RAM holds the data and instructions which the computer is currently using
9 of 25
magnetic storage
magnetic secondary storage stores data using magnetic signals.
10 of 25
SSD
solid state secondary storage stores data using data chips
11 of 25
cloud storage
Cloud storage is where data is stored on remote servers accessed by the internet.
12 of 25
registers
- a register is a small high-speed memory within the processor where the CU and the ALU can store and change values needed to execute instructions.
13 of 25
program counter
stores the address of the next instruction to be executed
14 of 25
current instruction register
stores the current instruction that is being processed
15 of 25
accumulator
stores arithmetic and logic results
16 of 25
memory address register
stores the data that is being transferred to and from memory
17 of 25
von neuman architecture
is computer architecture design consists of a Control Unit, Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU), Memory Unit, Registers and Inputs/Outputs. Von Neumann architecture is based on the stored-program computer concept, where instruction data and program data
18 of 25
system software
System software is computer software designed to provide a platform to other software. e.g windows
19 of 25
application software
An application software is computer software designed to perform a group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities. e.g. chrome
20 of 25
cache
Cache is a small amount of memory which is a part of the CPU chip - closer to the processing sections of the CPU than RAM. It is used to temporarily hold instructions and data that the CPU is likely to reuse.
21 of 25
operating systems
An operating system has three main functions: 1- manage the computer's resources, such as the central processing unit, memory, disk drives, and printers, 2- establish a user interface, and 3- execute and provide services for applications software.
22 of 25
utility programs
Functions of utility program is to perform specific tasks related to the management of computer functions,resources or files as password protection, memory management, virus protection and file compression
23 of 25
secondary storage
A secondary storage device is needed in a computer system to store data and program files when the power supply is turned off.
24 of 25
cloud storage
Cloud storage is a cloud computing model in which data is stored on remote servers accessed from the internet
25 of 25

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

the ALU carries out calculations and makes decisions on the data sent to the processor. It can add, subtract, multiply and divide numbers and use logic such as AND, OR and NOT to make decisions.

Back

ALU

Card 3

Front

this controls how data moves through the processor and controls the timing of operations and the instructions sent to the processor and the I/O devices. It uses the Fetch- Execute cycle

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Busses are the way in which data is transported around the computer system, connecting all the major components to the CPU and the memory using tiny wires on the motherboard.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

control unit fetches instruction from main memory, instruction stored in that address is copied from memory to one of the registers

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Computing resources:

See all Computing resources »See all Computer systems resources »