Computer Science

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How is a network created?
When more than one device is connected together
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Why do we use networking?
To share data between computers
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What are protocols used for?
To control how data is transmitted across networks.
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What is a protocol?
A set of rules in which computers communicate with each other
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What are some advantages of using networks?
It is easy, cheap, computers anywhere can be used to access information and you can share resources
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What are some disadvantages of using networks?
It is easier to share viruses and hacking is a big problem
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What is a Voice over internet protocol?
A protocol used for communicating voice data over the internet
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Why do emails use protocols?
To communicate with mail servers
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What is a Hypertext transfer protocol?
a request/response standard. Web browsers send requests and websites or servers respond to requests
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What is a wide area network?
A network that spans across a building, buildings or even countries, eg the internet
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What is a File transfer protocol
A protocol used to transfer large files across the internet
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What is a local area network?
a network of computers that covers a small area, eg a school or college
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What is an IP address?
A unique address for each computer device on a network
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Give two network categories?
Server based and Peer-to-peer
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Give the 3 network topologies
Ring, star and bus
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What is the bus topology?
Both ends of the network must be terminated with a terminator. A barrel connector can be used to extend it
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What is the star topology?
All devices revolve around a central hub, which is what controls the network communications, and can communicate with other hubs. Range limits are about 100 meters from the hub
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What is the ring topology?
Devices are connected from one to another, as in a ring. A data token is used to grant permission for each computer to communicate
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Give 5 examples of common application protocols?
HTTP, FTP, SMTP, DNS and Telnet
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Give 2 examples of common transport protocols?
TCP and SPX
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Give 2 examples of common network protocols?
IP and IPX
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What is the most widely used protocol?
Ethernet
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What happens in an Ethernet system?
Where each computer listens to the cable before sending anything through the network
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What does an operating system do?
It controls the general operation of a computer, and provides an easy way for us to interact with computers and run applications
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Give 3 examples of operating systems?
iOS, Windows and Andriod
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What is memory?
The part of the computer that stores data
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What is the CPU (central processing unit)?
the brains of the computer that processes program instructions
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What is command line?
A method of running programs and working on a computer using only text
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When the OS (operating system) runs a piece of software what happens?
It has to find the program files on the storage drive, load them into main memory, and instruct the CPU to start executing the program from the beginning
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What is a buffer?
An area of memory that is used to temporarily store data
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What is the main purpose of the file system?
To provide a uniform way for programs to store and retrieve data on devices
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What does device driver software do?
It handles requests and data transfers between the computer and a device
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How would you describe an operating system that is able to execute many programs simultaneously?
Multi-tasking
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What kind of interface requires the user to type in commands from a keyboard to give the computer instructions?
Command line interface
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Why might an operating system include a disk defragmentation utility?
To reorganise small amounts of unused disk space
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How does the operating system manage programs that are running?
It allocates free memory when the program requests it
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Why do many operating systems include a graphical user interface?
To make it easier for people to use the computer
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Why do we need file management?
To make it easier for the user to see files using programs
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The OS organises what?
where and how files are stored, deleted, read, found and repaired
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The OS detects what issues?
Such as missing disks or incorrect file names, and informs the user that errors have occurred
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Inside each folder there can be other what?
Sub-folders
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If you need to access a specific file you just need to know what?
How to look for it in the index which describes where each file is located
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why do we use networking?

Back

To share data between computers

Card 3

Front

What are protocols used for?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a protocol?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are some advantages of using networks?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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