Communication and cell signalling 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyCellular processesASOCR Created by: Steff06Created on: 20-05-16 19:16 What is cell signalling? Where cells communicate using signals. 1 of 16 What is an example of cell signals? Cytokines 2 of 16 What must multicellular organisms be able to do? Detect internal and external signals used to carry out processes in growth, development, movement and excretion. 3 of 16 How do cells detect signals? Using receptors on their cell surface to detect signals. These can be protein molecules. 4 of 16 What are hormones known as? Chemical messengers. 5 of 16 Where are hormones produced and released? Produced in specific tissues, released into organism. 6 of 16 What is a target cell? A cell with a receptor for the hormone molecule. 7 of 16 How does the hormone cause the target cell to respond? Hormone binds with receptor on cell surface membrane. Receptor and hormone have complementary shape. 8 of 16 What is an example of a hormone receptor? The insulin receptor. 9 of 16 Describe how insulin works Released from beta cells in islets of Langerhans in pancreas. Attaches to receptors to trigger response to lead to more glucose channels opening. 10 of 16 What have medicinal drugs been developed to be? Developed to be complementary to the shape of a type of receptor molecule. 11 of 16 What are these medicinal drugs intended to do? Block receptors 12 of 16 What are Beta-blockers used for? To prevent heart muscle from increasing heart rate to a dangerous level. 13 of 16 How do viruses hijack receptors? Viruses enter cells by binding with receptors on cell surface membrane that normally bind to host's signalling molecules. 14 of 16 How can HIV which causes AIDS infect humans? HIV enters cells of immune system with a complementary shape to receptors on cells e.g. helper T-lymphocytes. 15 of 16 What can also bind with receptors? Some poisons. 16 of 16
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