Cold War

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  • Created by: eliza
  • Created on: 20-06-16 18:35
What was the Cold War?
-It was a war of words, propaganda and threats between the two superpowers, USA and USSR, but a cold war does not involve direct fighting
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What was a proxy war?
-It was the wars between the allies of the two superpowers
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Why did the Cold War happen?
-Different ideologies;USSR-communism and USA-capitalism -Stalin's suspicion of the West;he did not trust the West, USSR had been attacked previously -USA's change in policy:they wanted to secure their markets for its goods
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What was the Grand Alliance?
-Alliance made in WW2, USA, USSR&Britain joined together to defeat Hitler
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When was the Yalta Conference?
-February 1945
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Who were the big three at Yalta?
-Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin
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What agreements did they come up with at Yalta?
-Germany would be split into four zone, and Berlin would be in four zones aswell -Stalin would have 'a sphere of influence' -Free elections to be held -USSR to join the war against Japan
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What disagreements were made at Yalta?
-Stalin wanted to make a 'friendly government' in Poland, West demanded free elections -Stalin wanted to move Poland's borders westwards into Germany but the other two leaders disagreed on this
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When was the Potsdam conference?
-July 1945
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Who were the big three at Potsdam?
-Attlee, Truman and Stalin
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What was the personality clash at Potsdam?
-Truman and Stalin did not get along well, Truman was fiercly anti-communist
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What agreements were made at Potsdam?
-USSR to gain eastern Poland, and Poland to be compensated with some German territory -Nazi party to be banned, and war criminals to be put on trial
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What disagreements were made at Potsdam?
-Stalin demanded harsh reparations from Germany for USSR, figure rejected by Attlee and Truman -Stalin set up a communist government in Poland, without free elections-this angered Truman and Attlee
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When was the atomic bomb tested?
- 16th August 1945
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What was the Arms Race?
-A race to see which country is more developed and better, for example they competed in chess matches, or USSR exploded their own nuclear weapon after USA did
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Why did the Cold War happen?
-Long Term:Different ideologies, Stalin's suspicions of West, USA's change in policy -Short Term:Tensions between the leaders, A bomb began an Arms Race, personality clash between Truman and Stalin
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What was the iron curtain?
-A term used by Churchill, to explain how Western Europe was cut off from Eastern Europe by a 'iron curtain', east was communist and west was capitalist
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Which parts of Eastern Europe did Stalin control?
-Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Yugoslavia
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How did Stalin keep communism in those countries?
-Used methods like, violence, intimidation and rigged elections
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Why did Russia take control over so many countries?
-It creeated a buffer zone -USSR afraid of USA's A bomb -Created a 'sphere of influence'
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What was the Truman Doctrine?
-USA was worried about the spread of Communism, so they made this doctrine to contain the spread
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Why was the Truman Doctrine important?
-It was important because USA didn't want anymore countries becoming communist, believed in the 'domino theory' once one country becomes communists, all others will follow
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When was the Truman Doctrine made?
-March 1947
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What did USA say they would do to help countries that were threatened by communism?
-Provide money, aid, advisors, or even weapons
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What was the Marshall Plan?
-Marshall believed that countries suffering most from poverty and unemployment were most likely to turn communist, so he came up with this plan, so that it could resist spread of communism, a fund of $15 billion available for any nation who applied
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What were the Marshall Plan's aims?
-Raise living standards in Western Europe -To rebuild Germany -To weaken Soviet control over Eatern Europe
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What was the Cominform?
-Alliance of European Communist parties to help them plan and work together and spread Stalin's ideas
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When was the Cominform made?
-1947
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What was the Comecon?
-Set up to co-ordinate the production and trade of the Eastern European countries.
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When was the Comecon made?
-1949
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What was the Berlin Blockade?
-After France, USA and Britain joined their three zones of Germany, they came up with a new currency, so Stalin cut off all road, railways etc to West Berlin, aimed to starve the people who lived in West Berlin.
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When did Stalin form the Berlin Blockade?
-June 1948
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What were the causes of the Berlin Blockade and Airlift?
-Stalin felt threatened by Germany's growing strength -Stalin was angry that the west had not consulted him before making changes in the zones
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Who was to blame?-America
-Had the atomic bomb -Truman Doctrine -Marshall Plan
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Who was to blame?-Russia
-Controlled Eastern Europe -Comecon -Cominform
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What was a proxy war?

Back

-It was the wars between the allies of the two superpowers

Card 3

Front

Why did the Cold War happen?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was the Grand Alliance?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When was the Yalta Conference?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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