Cognitive Psychology - Grant et al (1998)

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  • Created by: Rosa335
  • Created on: 10-06-17 10:35
What was Grant's Hypothesis?
Environmental context can have more + effect on performance in a meaningful memory test when the test takes place in the same environment in which the to be remembered material was originally studied than when the test occurs in a different environme
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What was Grant's research method?
Laboratory Experiment, Independent measures
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What was the IV in this study?
Whether the ppt read the two page article under silent or noisy conditions. Whether the ppt was tested under matching or mismatching conditions
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What was the DV in this study?
Ppt's performance on: A short-answer recall test. A multiple choice recall test
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Describe the Sample in Grant's study
8 Members of psychology lab class served as experimenters. Each recruited 5 acquaintances to serve as ppts. 39 ppts (17 female 23 male) (1's results were omitted), 17-56 years
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How were participants allocated to the experimental groups?
Each experimenter randomly allocated 4 of its ppts to conditions. The 5th one was allocated by the instructor
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Describe the stimuli in this study
Experimenters provided own cassette player and headphones. 8 Cassettes were exact copies made from a master tape of background noise recorded during lunchtime in a uni cafeteria
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What did the participants have to study?
A two-page, three-columned article on psycho-immunology
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Which tests did the participants have to do?
16 multiple choice questions (recognition), 10 short answer questions (recall)
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What were the controls used in this study?
The short-answer test was administered before the multiple-choice to avoid recall from multiple choice questions. All ppts wore headphones but only in the noisy condition they heard sounds. Break of 2 minutes minimise recall from short-term memory
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Describe the procedure of Grant
Ppts had to read article once. They were allowed to highlight and underline. Reading times were recorded. They had a break of 2 minutes between study and test. Tested in noisy/silent condition
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How long did the whole procedure last?
About 30 minutes
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What was ethical about Grant's study?
Debriefed and informed
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Describe the mean short-answer scores (out of 10) in each condition
Silent-Silent: 6.7, Silent-Noisy: 4.6, Noisy-Noisy: 6.2, Noisy-Silent: 5.4
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Describe the mean multiple-choice scores (out of 16) in each condtion
Silent-Silent: 14.3, Silent-Noisy: 12.7, Noisy-Noisy: 14.3, Noisy-Silent: 12.7
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Outline 2 of Grant's conclusions
Noise does not have an overall effect on performance. Studying in matched conditions shows better results.
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What was Grant's research method?

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Laboratory Experiment, Independent measures

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What was the IV in this study?

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Card 4

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What was the DV in this study?

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Describe the Sample in Grant's study

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