Coasts AQa

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What is mechinical weathering?
this is when water gets into the cracks of the rock and freezes below. this expands and adds pressure. repeated processes make it crack
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describe the process of chemical weathering
rain water has carbon dioxide in it making it a weak carbonic acid. This reacts with soft rock such as limestone andn it erodes
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Define mass movement
mass movement is the shifting of loose material, this happens with the force of material is stronger than gravity
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what two types of mass movement is there?
slump - rotation slide - straight line
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how do waves erode the coast by hydraulic power?
waves crash against the rocks and compress the air. this adds pressure and causes it to erode.
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what waves are associated with coastal erosion?
destructive waves.
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describe how a wave-cut platform
through abrasion&hyrdaulic power waves erode the base of the cliff, this expands and makes the material above it collapse. A wave cut notch is formed, increased erosion make the cliff retreat. A wave cut platform is formed.
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are headlands made out of more resistant rock of less resistant rock?
more resistant rock
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how can erosion turn a crack in a cliff in a cave
erosion by waves makes the crack expand into a cave which then expands to become a stack then the amterial cant suppot and collapses forming a stump
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by what processes is material transported around the coast?
Long shore drift
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what is the deposition
when constructive waves drop loose material carried by long shore drift
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where is a beach formed on the coast
coastline
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why is a sand beach flatter and wider than a shingle beach>?
because the particles are weaker which means the waves can carry it wherease shingle the particles are strong and hard to move.
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what waves are associated with coastal depostion?
constructive
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name the trasnportation process that formes spits and bard
long shore drift
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where do spits form?
At sharp bends ie a river mouth
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why is sea level rising
1) increased global warming making water expand 2) melting ice caps
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give two £ impacts on coastal flooding
1) loss of tourism 2) loss of land
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give 2 social impacts on coastal flooding
1) loss of jobs 2) deaths
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why is the risk of coastal flooding greater in the Maldives
they are only 1.5m above seal level so VERY vunlerable
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describe political impact of the Maldlives
Maldivian government considering to buy land of Australia so they can evacuate civillians there 2) asked japan for $60 million to build sea walll around Male
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give 2 reasons for rapid erosion on Holderness' coastline?
1) naturally narrow beaches 2) strong prevailing wind from the Artic
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describe 3 impacts on peopl's lives in holdnerness
1) loss of jobs 2) houses gone cheaper as prone to cliff collapse 3) harder to get around as alot of roads are where cliff is prone to collapse
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describe an environemental impact caused by eroison in holderness
some SSI's are threatened lagoons near Easington
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what is a disadvantage of groynes
they starve the beaches further down coast which makes it narrower and prone to more erosion
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whats the benefitsand cons of beach nourishment
creates wider beaches and very expensive
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pros and cons of dune regeneration
wave energy is absorbed and prevents eroision but very expensive
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give 2 examples of hard engineering strategies used along Holdnerness
spurn head protected by groynes and sea wall
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give two organisms adapted to live in studland bay
grebes - streamlined to catch prey thats underwater marram grass - folded leaves to prevent water loss
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describe 2 strategies for dealing with conflicts between land use and cosevration in studland
1) boardwalks so people walk over protected sand 2) boat owners are told not to park near sea grass as seahorses are protected by law.
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what are the 4 types of transportation?
soluton, suspension, traction, saltation
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4 ways waves can erode coast
abrasion, attrition , suspension and hyrdaulic power.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

describe the process of chemical weathering

Back

rain water has carbon dioxide in it making it a weak carbonic acid. This reacts with soft rock such as limestone andn it erodes

Card 3

Front

Define mass movement

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what two types of mass movement is there?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

how do waves erode the coast by hydraulic power?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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