Break down and weakening of rocks in the same place.
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Erosion
Break down and taking away of rocks by the movement of water.
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Physical weathering- onion skin
Heats up and expands in the day, by night it begins to cool and contracts, stress is then placed on the outer layers of the rock, this then causes peeling and shattering of the rock.
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Constructive waves
Carry large amounts of sediments. Waves are spaced apart and powerful once they reach the coast. Weak backwash, little erosion caused, this pushes material up the beach
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Destructive waves
Destroys the beach, swirling mass of water. Chaotic smashing has a powerful backwash, pulls sand and shingles down the beach
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Freeze thaw
Rain freezes in to the gaps in the rock
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Chemical weathering
Acid from the rain reacting with certain rock types causing rot and decay.
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Chemical weathering
Limestone and chalk are the main rocks affected by this process. It causes the rock to break up, this is called solution
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Biological weathering
Roots grow into the cracks of rock causing it to apply pressure and break down
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Shaping coastline
Scree loose rock falls down the edge of the cliff caused by freeze thaw
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Landslide
Detached pieces of rock causes a landslide
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Mudslide
Lobe(mud) runs down the edge of the cliff causing loose rock to be picked up.
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Rotational slip
Loose rock
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Rate of erosion
More energy the waves have the faster the erosion will happen
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Hydraulic action
Water is forced in to cracks, compresses air and when the wave retreats air blasts out causing a break away of rock
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Abrasion
Sediment rock thrown against the cliff, which wears the cliff away and chips it
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Attrition
Sediment knocked off the cliff by hydraulic action and abrasion, collides with other pieces of sediment causing them to become smoother and rounder
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Solution
Seawater dissolving water, calcium carbonate is dissolved.
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Resistance of rock
Less resistant rock erodes quicker, this then causes a bay
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Disordent
Different parts of the rock, layers. Known as bands
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Forming of a cliff
Waves breaking off at the bottom of the cliff causes a wave cut notch caused by undercutting of wave erosion.
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Wave cut notch
A wave cut notch causes the wave to collapse and retreat
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Wave cut platform
Gentle sloping left behind, only seen at low tide
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Erosion
Back
Break down and taking away of rocks by the movement of water.
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